Table 3.

Subgroup analyses

Variables and cutoff	Number of studies	HR (95% CI) for subgroup	I2	P for subgroup effect	P for subgroup difference
Sample sizes
<3000	3	1.12 [0.93, 1.35]	79%	0.23
≥3000	3	1.21 [1.13, 1.30]	0%	<0.001	0.46
Mean ages (years)
<65	3	1.09 [0.94, 1.27]	61%	0.24
≥65	3	1.24 [1.16, 1.32]	0%	<0.001	0.12
Male (%)
<40	2	1.22 [1.12, 1.33]	0%	<0.001
≥40	4	1.14 [1.01, 1.29]	68%	0.04	0.36
Adiponectin measurements
ELISA	4	1.13 [1.01, 1.27]	64%	0.03
Others	2	1.25 [1.14, 1.37]	0%	<0.001	0.20
AF confirmation
Include AF hospitalization	5	1.22 [1.16, 1.29]	0%	<0.001
Not include AF hospitalization	1	0.95 [0.82, 1.11]	—	0.51	0.002
Follow-up duration (years)
<10	1	0.95 [0.82, 1.11]	—	0.51
≥10	5	1.22 [1.16, 1.29]	0%	<0.001	0.002
AF incidence (%)
<15	3	1.09 [0.94, 1.27]	61%	0.24
≥15	3	1.24 [1.16, 1.32]	0%	<0.001	0.12
Quality scores
=8	2	1.18 [1.06, 1.31]	0%	0.003
=9	4	1.16 [1.02, 1.31]	71%	0.02	0.83