Table 1.
Summary of the function of cellulose synthase subunits and proteins involved in the BNC biosynthesis in bacteria of the genus Komagataeibacter
| Protein | Function | References |
|---|---|---|
| BcsA | Cellulose synthase catalytic subunit | McNamara et al. (2015); Römling and Galperin (2015); McManus et al. (2016) |
| Shows the activity of β‐1,4‐glycosyltransferase | ||
| Catalysing the polymerization reaction of UDP‐Glucose monomers to β‐1,4‐glucan chains (cellulose precursor) | ||
| Forms the core of the cellulose synthase complex | ||
| BcsB | Forms the core of the cellulose synthase complex | McNamara et al. (2015); Römling and Galperin (2015); McManus et al. (2016) |
| Takes part in the transport of the newly synthesized β‐1,4‐glucan chain from the cytoplasm through the periplasmic space | ||
| BcsC | Probably creating pores in the outer cell membrane and is involved in the export of the synthesized polysaccharide outside the cell | McNamara et al. (2015); Römling and Galperin (2015); McManus et al. (2016) |
| BcsD | It is probably responsible for the formation of crystalline regions of the cellulose chain by facilitating hydrogen formation bonds between the four newly established chains of β‐1,4‐glucan | McNamara et al. (2015); Römling and Galperin (2015); McManus et al. (2016) |
| CMCax | It exhibits β‐endo‐1,4‐glucanase activity | Römling and Galperin (2015); Castiblanco and Sundin (2016); McManus et al. (2016) |
| Takes part in the regulation of packing cellulose fibrils | ||
| Literature reports indicate that the BcsZ protein is an active participant in the activation of cellulose biosynthesis by c‐di‐GMP | ||
| CcpAx | A protein specific to acetic bacteria | McManus et al. (2016) |
| It probably interacts with the BcsD subunit | ||
| The effect of this protein on the activity of cellulose biosynthesis in K. xylinus and K. hansenii was noted | ||
| BglxA | An enzyme with β‐glucosidase activity | McNamara et al. (2015); Römling and Galperin (2015) |
| BcsX | It probably has cellulose deacetylase activity | McNamara et al. (2015) |
| BcsY | Possible cellulose transacylase | McNamara et al. (2015) |
| Creating modified polysaccharides, e.g. acetylocellulose |