Table 5.
Factors associated with erosive esophagitis on endoscopy using multivariate analysis stratified by gender
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Crude OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age <65 | 0.98 (0.60-1.61) | 0.940 | 1.10 (0.51-2.40) | 0.802 | ||||
| BMI <25 | 0.89 (0.67-1.18) | 0.417 | 0.39 (0.26-0.56) | <0.001 | 0.42 (0.27-0.65) | <0.001 | ||
| Tea, yes | 0.87 (0.64-1.17) | 0.354 | 0.94 (0.66-1.35) | 0.744 | 0.76 (0.53-1.08) | 0.128 | 0.78 (0.50-1.21) | 0.263 |
| Heavy tea (>2/day), yes | 0.88 (0.61-1.27) | 0.495 | 0.89 (0.59-1.36) | 0.594 | 1.04 (0.61-1.79) | 0.883 | 1.05 (0.57-1.93) | 0.869 |
| Sugar with tea (≥4), yes | 0.84 (0.43-1.64) | 0.602 | 1.86 (0.76-4.53) | 0.171 | ||||
| Coffee, yes | 0.89 (0.67-1.20) | 0.449 | 0.86 (0.61-1.22) | 0.407 | 0.84 (0.58-1.20) | 0.331 | 0.98 (0.63-1.52) | 0.924 |
| Heavy coffee (>2/day), yes | 0.95 (0.60-1.49) | 0.822 | 0.86 (0.52-1.43) | 0.558 | 1.02 (0.55-1.86) | 0.961 | 1.16 (0.60-2.26) | 0.658 |
| Milk with coffee (≥4), yes | 1.13 (0.80-1.60) | 0.486 | 0.67 (0.43-1.06) | 0.086 | ||||
| Sugar with coffee (≥4), yes | 1.00 (0.69-1.45) | 0.986 | 0.85 (0.50-1.43) | 0.537 | ||||
| Tea and coffee, yes | 0.88 (0.66-1.16) | 0.354 | 0.60 (0.42-0.87) | 0.006 | ||||
| Smoking | 1.51 (1.06-2.15) | 0.021 | 1.43 (0.97-2.09) | 0.070 | 0.43 (0.10-1.84) | 0.253 | 0.62 (0.14-2.71) | 0.527 |
| Alcohol | 1.10 (0.71-1.73) | 0.664 | 1.61 (0.58-4.51) | 0.361 | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.89 (0.52-1.53) | 0.672 | 1.74 (0.90-3.37) | 0.098 | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.00 (0.72-1.39) | 0.996 | 1.92 (1.23-2.99) | 0.004 | 1.27 (0.77-2.09) | 0.356 | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.51 (0.99-2.29) | 0.057 | 1.42 (0.78-2.60) | 0.254 | ||||
| Aspirin | 0.44 (0.18-1.07) | 0.070 | 3.28 (1.15-9.35) | 0.026 | 3.79 (1.26-11.34) | 0.017 | ||
| NSAID | 0.78 (0.41-1.49) | 0.454 | 1.05 (0.45-2.42) | 0.913 | ||||
| TG <150 | 0.64 (0.47-0.87) | 0.004 | 0.72 (0.51-1.01) | 0.059 | 0.62 (0.40-0.97) | 0.038 | 0.85 (0.52-1.41) | 0.531 |
| Cholesterol <200 | 0.76 (0.57-1.01) | 0.059 | 0.95 (0.66-1.37) | 0.792 | ||||
| HDL ≥40 | 0.75 (0.57-0.99) | 0.048 | 0.88 (0.64-1.21) | 0.435 | 0.64 (0.38-1.05) | 0.079 | ||
| LDL <130 | 0.89 (0.67-1.18) | 0.420 | 0.88 (0.61-1.28) | 0.509 | ||||
| Glucose <100 | 1.10 (0.81-1.50) | 0.528 | 1.16 (0.77-1.73) | 0.480 | ||||
| HbA1C <6 | 0.74 (0.52-1.05) | 0.096 | 0.73 (0.46-1.15) | 0.178 | ||||
| Helicobacter pylori | 0.44 (0.31-0.62) | <0.001 | 0.47 (0.33-0.67) | <0.001 | 0.64 (0.41-0.99) | 0.048 | 0.67 (0.42-1.07) | 0.092 |
| Hiatus hernia | 15.11 (6.65-34.34) | <0.001 | 13.20 (5.75-30.32) | <0.001 | 17.00 (6.13-47.20) | <0.001 | 15.86 (5.54-45.40) | <0.001 |
BMI: Body mass index, NSAID: Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug, HDL: High-density lipoprotein, LDL: Low-density lipoprotein, HbA1C: Glycated hemoglobin, TG: Triglyceride, OR: Odds ratio, CI: Confidence interval