Figure 4.

Results of vertex-based subcortical shape analysis. Shape contraction (red) in PD-RBD vs PD-nRBD (A), PD-RBD vs controls (B), and PD-nRBD vs controls (C). Correlations between vertex-based shape and percentage of tonic REM sleep motor activity (D) and percentage of phasic REM sleep motor activity (E) in people with PD (red areas represent negative associations and blue areas represent positive associations). Results are presented at p < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons (FWE), with age, gender, and education as covariates. UPDRS-III and MCI status were included as covariates for comparisons between PD-RBD and PD-nRBD subgroups. FWE = family-wise error; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; PD-RBD = Parkinson’s disease with REM sleep behavior disorder; PD-nRBD = PD without RBD; UPDRS-III = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Part III.