Table 3.

Results of voxel-based and deformation-based morphometry

Region with abnormalities*	Hemisphere	Cluster size, mm2	MNI coordinates			P
			x	y	z
Voxel-based morphometry
PD-RBD < PD-nRBD
Lingual gyrus/cerebellum	Left	156	−14	−56	−9	0.030
PD-RBD < Controls
Lingual gyrus	Left	78 207	−15	−50	−10	<0.001
Putamen	Right	24 278	26	−2	−8	<0.001
Supramarginal gyrus	Left	778	−54	−30	50	0.005
Supramarginal gyrus	Right	231	54	−26	51	0.008
Inferior temporal gyrus	Right	403	50	−28	−22	0.023
Paracentral gyrus	Right	57	2	−27	74	0.026
Medial superior frontal gyrus	Left	479	−9	50	46	0.031
PD-nRBD < Controls
Fusiform gyrus	Right	3739	45	−38	−18	0.006
Temporal pole	Right	706	33	21	−42	0.017
Amygdala	Right	602	28	−6	−21	0.019
Lateral occipital gyrus	Right	172	27	−86	26	0.020
Amygdala	Left	389	−26	−14	−10	0.023
Lingual gyrus	Right	298	3	−78	−10	0.024
Supramarginal gyrus	Right	193	56	−22	46	0.025
Correlation with % of phasic REM sleep motor activity in PD
Middle temporal gyrus	Left	454	−60	−62	6	0.018
Deformation-based morphometry
PD-RBD < Controls
Cerebellum	Left	144 694	−32	−64	−62	<0.001
PD-nRBD < Controls
Middle temporal gyrus	Right	48 902	57	−14	−15	0.001
Lateral occipital gyrus	Right	1427	20	−90	20	0.016
Superior parietal lobule	Right	652	26	−66	36	0.036
Supramarginal gyrus	Right	197	62	−21	45	0.041
Correlation with % of phasic REM sleep motor activity in PD
Middle temporal gyrus	Left	136	−48	−63	9	0.042

Results are corrected for multiple comparisons with FWE at p < 0.05 with age, gender, education, and total intracranial volume as covariates. UPDRS-III and MCI status were included as covariates for comparisons between PD-RBD and PD-nRBD subgroups.

FWE = family-wise error; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; MNI = Montreal Neurological Institute; PD-RBD = Parkinson’s disease with REM sleep behavior disorder; PD-nRBD = PD without RBD; UPDRS-III = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Part III.

*Labels correspond to the location of the cluster’s peak voxel.