Table 1.
Demographic, neuropsychological testing, sleep/circadian questionnaire, and health information
| Adults < 30 years (n = 40) |
Adults ≥ 30 years (n = 36) |
Overall sample (N = 76) | Correlation with chronological age | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | 20.28 ± 1.68 | 62.08 ± 12.83 | 40.08 ± 22.80 | — |
| Gender (% female) | 60.0% | 50.0% | 55.3% | r(74) = .16, p = .16 |
| Race/ethnicity (% Caucasian) | 57.5% | 75.0% | 65.8% | r(74) = .27, p = .02 |
| Education (in years) | 14.11 ± 1.16 | 15.70 ± 3.97 | 14.85 ± 2.93 | r(73) = .21, p = .07 |
| MMSE (of 30) | 28.78 ± 1.19 | 28.03 ± 1.63 | 28.42 ± 1.45 | r(74) = −.21, p = .07 |
| Working memory reading span (of 30) | 23.44 ± 4.35 | 17.32 ± 6.91 | 20.54 ± 6.45 | r(74) = −.51, p < .001 |
| Phonemic fluency (summed FAS) | 39.20 ± 8.85 | 34.69 ± 10.54 | 37.07 ± 9.89 | r(74) = −.24, p = .04 |
| Semantic fluency (summed categories) | 47.73 ± 9.84 | 41.17 ± 9.96 | 44.62 ± 10.37 | r(74) = −.32, p = .01 |
| Mill Hill Vocabulary (proportion correct) | 0.70 ± 0.12 | 0.65 ± 0.13 | 0.68 ± 0.13 | r(74) = −.16, p = .16 |
| PRMQ—total (of 80) | 40.05 ± 5.79 | 37.15 ± 10.25 | 38.72 ± 8.22 | r(72) = −.27, p = .02 |
| PSQI—global score | 4.70 ± 2.19 | 6.19 ± 3.54 | 5.41 ± 2.99 | r(74) = .22, p = .06 |
| PSQI—habitual bedtime | 00:18 ± 72.29 min | 22:28 ± 68.84 min | 23:25 ± 89.32 min | r(74) = −.62, p < .001 |
| PSQI—habitual wake time | 08:10 ± 75.46 min | 06:45 ± 76.82 min | 07:30 ± 86.77 min | r(74) = −.48, p < .001 |
| ESS—total score | 8.87 ± 3.31 | 8.19 ± 4.41 | 8.54 ± 3.87 | r(72) = −.14, p = .24 |
| MEQ—total score | 65.83 ± 9.75 | 57.81 ± 9.69 | 62.03 ± 10.46 | r(74) = −.26, p = .02 |
| GDS—total score | 2.25 ± 2.23 | 2.67 ± 2.95 | 2.45 ± 2.58 | r(74) = −.09, p = .43 |
Inferential statistics were conducted using chronological age as a continuous variable, though we also provide descriptive data separated at age 30 for illustrative purposes. There were missing data for years of education (n = 1), PRMQ (n = 2), and ESS (n = 2).
ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; MEQ = Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; MMSE = Mini-Mental Status Examination; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PRMQ = Prospective Retrospective Memory Questionnaire.