Table 2.
Spearman correlations of GlycA levels with demographic, cardiometabolic, other inflammatory biomarkers and HIV-related factors in the MACS-CVD2.*,†
| Total cohort (N=935) | HIV-infected (N=589) | HIV-uninfected (N=346) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | −0.005 (NS) | 0.01 (NS) | 0.01 (NS) |
| Lifestyle and clinical factors | |||
| Systolic blood pressure | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.09 (NS) | 0.11 (NS) |
| Body mass index | 0.07 (NS) | −0.01 (NS) | 0.22 (0.001) |
| Fasting glucose | 0.10 (0.01) | 0.03 (NS) | 0.19 (0.002) |
| Total cholesterol | 0.02 (NS) | 0.01 (NS) | 0.06 (NS) |
| HDL cholesterol | −0.12 (0.003) | −0.10 (0.04) | −0.12 (0.05) |
| Pack-years of tobacco smoking | 0.17 (<0.0001) | 0.13 (0.01) | 0.20 (0.002) |
| eGFR | 0.009 (NS) | −0.003 (NS) | 0.03 (NS) |
| Physical activity status | −0.15 (0.0002) | −0.16 (0.001) | −0.11 (NS) |
| HCV infection | 0.14 (0.0002) | 0.15 (0.002) | 0.10 (NS) |
| Medications | |||
| BP lowering | 0.12 (0.001) | 0.15 (0.002) | 0.07 (NS) |
| Glucose lowering | 0.12 (0.002) | 0.11 (0.03) | 0.13 (0.04) |
| Lipid lowering | 0.05 (NS) | 0.04 (NS) | 0.07 (NS) |
| Inflammatory markers | |||
| hsCRP | 0.37 (<0.0001) | 0.36 (<0.0001) | 0.39 (<0.0001) |
| D-dimer | 0.14 (0.0004) | 0.14 (0.01) | 0.14 (0.02) |
| IL-6 | 0.32 (<0.0001) | 0.27 (<0.0001) | 0.41 (<0.0001) |
| Fibrinogen | 0.40 (<0.0001) | 0.40 (<0.0001) | 0.41 (<0.0001) |
| sCD163 | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.08 (NS) | 0.06 (NS) |
| sCD14 | 0.24 (<0.0001) | 0.24 (<0.0001) | 0.26 (<0.0001) |
| CCL2 | 0.14 (0.0004) | 0.17 (0.001) | 0.08 (NS) |
| HIV related factors | |||
| CD4 cell count | - | −0.02 (NS) | - |
| HIV RNA ≥ 50 copies per ml | - | 0.09 (0.03) | - |
| Nadir CD4 cell count | - | −0.12 (0.004) | - |
| History of AIDS | - | 0.08 (0.05) | - |
| Duration of HAART | - | −0.08 (NS) | - |
| Use of protease inhibitors | - | 0.14 (0.001) | - |
*
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; CAC = coronary artery calcium; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; HCV= hepatitis C virus; HDL= high density lipoprotein; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; hsCRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL-6 = interleukin 6; MACS=Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study; sCD14 = soluble CD14; sCD163 = soluble CD163; CCL2 = chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; AIDS = acquire immunodeficiency syndrome; HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy
†
Values are expressed as ρ (p value) for all variables. NS = not significant (p >0.05)