Figure 3.

Likelihood that post-domestication adaptation would be parallel. (a,b) describes a simple representation of spike domestication in wheat (a) and maize (b). Alongside the domestication of each crop is the resulting bottleneck. After the domestication of both crops, any adaptation must result from a population with lower diversity in each crop species. The likelihood of parallel adaptation is compromised due to this lower diversity, but parallelism may still result if certain criteria are met (c). (Online version in colour.)