TABLE 2:

Effect of Fluid Displacement

	Ablation Abutting Diaphragm
Characteristic	Nondisplaced (n = 30)	Displaced (n = 25)	Control (n = 15)	p
Tumor size (cm)	2.5 ± 1.5	2.6 ± 1.2	2.5 ± 1.0	0.6
Distance from tumor to diaphragm (mm)	4.9 ± 6.6	4.2 ± 6.0	41.5 ± 20.4	< 0.001
Displacement distance (mm)	0	5.6 ± 5.0	0	< 0.001
Ablation zone size (cm)	4.5 ± 1.3	4.1 ± 1.2	3.6 ± 0.8	0.1
Length of ablation zone abutting capsule (cm)	3.7 ± 1.6	3.4 ± 1.2	0	< 0.001
Ablation time (min)	6.0 ± 2.7	7.2 ± 3.3	5.5 ± 2.5	0.2
Ablation power (W)	70.8 ± 19.1	80.8 ± 23.7	79.3 ± 19.6	0.02
No. of diaphragmatic hernias	0	0	0
Diaphragm thickness preablation (mm)	3.2 ± 1.2	3.0 ± 1.2	3.0 ± 0.5	0.5
Diaphragm thickness immediately postablation (mm)	3.6 ± 1.3	4.4 ± 2.4	3.1 ± 0.5	0.3
Patients with shoulder pain, no. (%)	5 (16.7)	5 (20)	0 (0)	0.2
Average pain score	3.1 ± 2.2	2.5 ± 1.8	2.4 ± 1.2	0.4
Initial pain score	4.2 ± 3.0	2.7 ± 2.8	3.1 ± 2.2	0.1
Local tumor progression, no. (%)	2 (6.7)	1 (4)	0 (0)	1
Imaging follow-up (mo)	10.6 ± 6.6	11.6 ± 9.4	14.1 ± 8.5	0.2

Note—Except where noted otherwise, data are mean ± SD. Peripheral liver lesions are subdivided according to whether peritoneal fluid displaced the diaphragm away from the liver capsule (displaced vs nondisplaced).