Table 1.
Factors Associated with Use of Bisphosphonates in Myeloma Patients Who Received Chemotherapy.
| Total | Univariate |
Multivariable |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # User (%) | P-value | Point estimate | 95% Wald CI | ||
| Overall | 1,309 | 720 (55.0%) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Age group | |||||
| 65 – 74 | 735 | 409 (55.7%) | 0.016 | REF | REF |
| 75 – 84 | 485 | 275 (56.7%) | 1.22 | 0.94–1.58 | |
| ≥85 | 89 | 36 (40.5%) | 0.66 | 0.40–1.08 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 753 | 417 (55.4%) | 0.75 | REF | REF |
| Female | 556 | 303 (54.5%) | 0.92 | 0.70–1.22 | |
| Race | |||||
| White | 1,027 | 583 (56.8%) | 0.031 | REF | REF |
| Black | 199 | 93 (46.7%) | 0.85 | 0.59–1.21 | |
| Othera | 83 | 44 (53.0%) | 0.75 | 0.46–1.25 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Unmarried | 543 | 293 (54.0%) | 0.52 | REF | REF |
| Married | 766 | 427 (55.7%) | 0.92 | 0.71–1.19 | |
| Region | |||||
| North East | 219 | 125 (57.1%) | REF | REF | |
| North Central | 169 | 100 (59.2%) | 0.003 | 1.00 | 0.63–1.60 |
| South | 385 | 181 (47.0%) | 0.66 | 0.45–0.99 | |
| West | 536 | 314 (58.6%) | 1.13 | 0.78–1.63 | |
| SES rank | |||||
| Lowest quintile | 293 | 157 (53.6%) | REF | REF | |
| Second quintile | 368 | 184 (50.0%) | 0.007 | 0.79 | 0.56–1.11 |
| Third quintile | 275 | 173 (62.9%) | 1.25 | 0.86–1.82 | |
| Fourth quintile | 198 | 118 (59.6%) | 1.07 | 0.70–1.61 | |
| Highest quintile | 175 | 88 (50.3%) | 0.73 | 0.47–1.14 | |
| Acute kidney injury | |||||
| No | 830 | 503 (60.6%) | <0.001 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 479 | 217 (45.3%) | 0.85 | 0.62–1.17 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | |||||
| No | 771 | 498 (64.6%) | <0.001 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 538 | 222 (41.3%) | 0.48 | 0.35–0.66 | |
| Osteoporosis | |||||
| No | 934 | 518 (55.5%) | 0.60 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 375 | 202 (53.9%) | 0.76 | 0.57–1.02 | |
| Osteopenia | |||||
| No | 621 | 303 (48.8%) | <0.001 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 688 | 417 (60.6%) | 1.24 | 0.96–1.60 | |
| Hypercalcemia | |||||
| No | 1,038 | 553 (53.3%) | 0.014 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 271 | 167 (61.6%) | 1.74 | 1.26–2.41 | |
| Hemodialysis | |||||
| No | 1,229 | 699 (56.9%) | <0.001 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 80 | 21 (26.3%) | 0.42 | 0.24–0.75 | |
| Comorbidity score | |||||
| 0 | 549 | 341 (62.1%) | REF | REF | |
| 1 | 282 | 156 (55.3%) | <0.001 | 0.79 | 0.57–1.08 |
| ≥2 Missing | 46216 | 217 (47.0%) | 1.05 | 0.77–1.42 | |
| Antineoplastic regimen | |||||
| PI ± steroid | 605 | 319 (52.73%) | REF | REF | |
| IMID ± steroid | 192 | 98 (51.04%) | 0.78 | 0.54–1.12 | |
| PI + IMID ± steroid | 252 | 165 (65.48%) | 0.007 | 1.70 | 1.21–2.39 |
| PI + other cytotoxic ± steroid | 190 | 100 (52.63%) | 0.99 | 0.69–1.42 | |
| Otherb | 70 | 38 (54.29%) | 1.02 | 0.59–1.75 | |
| SRE at Diagnosis | |||||
| No | 818 | 368 (45.0%) | <0.001 | REF | REF |
| Yes | 491 | 352 (71.7%) | 2.60 | 1.98–3.40 | |
Note: Statistically significant results in bold.
Abbreviations: IMID = immunomodulatory imide agent; PI = proteasome inhibitor; SES = socioeconomic status; SRE = skeletal related events.
a
Other race includes: Asian, Hispanic, North American Native, and Unknown.
b
Other antineoplastic regimens include: other cytotoxic agents ± steroids (34 patients), IMID + other cytotoxic agents ± steroids (10 patients) and PI + IMID + other cytotoxic agents ± steroids (26 patients).