Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of adults with Fontan circulation using non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs)
| All (n=74) | |
| Age at inclusion, year | 32±10 |
| Male, n (%) | 40 (54) |
| Congenital heart defect, n (%) | |
| Tricuspid atresia | 27 (36) |
| Pulmonary atresia | 10 (14) |
| Double outlet right ventricle | 11 (15) |
| Double inlet left ventricle | 14 (19) |
| Other anomalies | 12 (16) |
| Type of Fontan, n (%) | |
| Atriopulmonary | 26 (35) |
| Total cavopulmonary connexion | 48 (65) |
| Previous antithrombotic medication, n (%) | |
| None | 18 (24) |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 37 (50) |
| Aspirin | 19 (26) |
| Indication for NOAC, n (%) | |
| Atrial arrhythmias | 52 (70) |
| Primary thrombotic prophylaxis | 12 (16) |
| Secondary thrombotic prophylaxis | 10 (14) |
| Median CHA2DS2-VASc | 1 (0–2) |
| Median HASBLED | 0 (0–1) |
| Cardiovascular history, n (%) | |
| Stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) | 8 (11) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 4 (5) |
| Deep venous thrombosis | 1 (1) |
| Intracardiac thrombosis | 7 (9) |
| Inferior vena cava thrombosis | 4 (5) |
| Superior vena cava thrombosis | 1 (1) |
Values are presented as mean (±), median (IQR) or counts (%).
CHA2DS2-VASc, stroke risk factor scoring system in which 1 point is given for heart failure, hypertension, age 64–74 years, diabetes mellitus, history of vascular disease, female sex and 2 points are given for age ≥75 years, history of stroke/TIA/thromboembolism; HASBLED, bleeding risk factor scoring system in which 1 point is given for uncontrolled hypertension, abnormal renal or liver function, history of stroke or bleeding, labile international normalised ratio, age >65 years, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or antiplatelet agents or alcohol.