Table 2.
Performances of the different imaging abnormalities ‘typical of axSpA’ with regard to axSpA recognition
| Se (95% CI) | Spe (95% CI) | LR+ (95% CI) | |||||
| Xrays | Pelvic Xrays | Lesions | Erosion (y/n)* | 0.4 (0.3,0.5) | 0.9 (0.8,0.9) | 3.8 (1.9,7.4) | |
| Sclerosis (y/n) | 0.5 (0.4,0.6) | 0.8 (0.7,0.9) | 2.3 (1.5,3.5) | ||||
| Joint widening (y/n) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) | 1.9 (1.0, 3.4) | ||||
| Joint narrowing (y/n) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.6) | ||||
| Partial ankylosis (y/n) | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2) | 0.9 (0.9, 0.9) | 1.5 (0.6, 3.8) | ||||
| Total ankylosis (y/n) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.1) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | NA* | ||||
| At least a grade two unilaterally | 0.54 (0.4,0.6) | 0.7 (0.6,0.8) | 2.0 (1.4,2.9) | ||||
| Modified NY criteria | 0.4 (0.3,0.5) | 0.9 (0.8,0.9) | 3.0 (1.6,5.6) | ||||
| Spine Xrays | Lesions | At least one erosion | 0.1 (0.1,0.2) | 0.8 (0.7,0.9) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | ||
| At least one sclerosis lesion | 0.2 (0.2,0.3) | 0.8 (0.7,0.9) | 1.3 (0.7, 2.3) | ||||
| At least one squaring lesions | 0.1 (0.0, 0.1) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | 5.7 (0.7, 46.5) | ||||
| At least one full bone bridge | 0.1 (0.0,0.1) | 1.0 (0.9,1.0) | 2.5 (0.5, 12.7) | ||||
| MRI | Inflammatory lesions | Sacroiliac joints | At least one inflammatory lesion | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.8) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.4) | |
| ASAS definition of positive MRI sacroiliitis | 0.4 (0.3,0.5) | 0.9 (0.8,0.9) | 4.2 (2.0,8.5) | ||||
| ASAS definition of MRI sacroiliitis AND deep lesion† | 0.2 (0.1,0.3) | 1.0 (0.9,1.0) | 16.2 (2.2,119.0) | ||||
| ASAS definition of MRI sacroiliitis AND intense lesion† | 0.2 (0.1,0.3) | 1.0 (0.9,1.0) | 9.5 (2.3,39.6) | ||||
| ASAS definition of MRI sacroiliitis AND (deep OR intense lesion)† | 0.2 (0.2,0.3) | 1.0 (0.9,1.0) | 7.6 (2.4,24.2) | ||||
| ASAS definition of MRI sacroiliitis AND (deep AND intense lesion)† | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | NA* | ||||
| Spine | At least one inflammatory lesion | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.7) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) | |||
| At least three inflammatory lesions (ASAS definition of positive spine MRI) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 1.4 (0.9, 1.9) | ||||
| At least five inflammatory lesions | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.7 (0.7, 0.8) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | ||||
| Structural lesions | Sacroiliac joints | At least one structural lesion | 0.2 (0.2, 0.3) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.0) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.5) | ||
| At least three erosions | 0.3 (0.2,0.4) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 3.0 (1.6,5.8) | ||||
| At least three fatty lesions | 0.3 (0.2,0.4) | 0.9 (0.8,0.9) | 2.5 (1.3,4.7) | ||||
| At least five structural lesions (erosions or fatty lesions) | 0.3 (0.2,0.4) | 0.9 (0.8,0.9) | 2.4 (1.4,4.3) | ||||
| Spine | At least one structural lesion | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) | |||
| At least three erosions | 0.1 (0.0, 0.1) | 0.9 (0.9, 1.0) | 1.2 (0.4, 3.3) | ||||
| At least three fatty lesions | 0.2 (0.1, 0.2) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.9) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | ||||
| At least five fatty lesions | 0.1 (0.0, 0.2) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.7) | ||||
| At least five structural lesions (erosions OR fatty lesions) | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.9) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.1) |
*NA=not applicable, since one of the categories is 0, thus not calculable.
†According to the SPARCC scoring method.
‡LR+ => 2 (considered relevant) are highlighted in bold
ASAS, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society; CBP, chronic back pain; NY, New York; axSpA, axial Spondyloarthritis.