Table 5.

Meditation included studies

Project identifier	Design	Sample size	Intervention/duration	Outcome/time
[43] USA	one group pretest-posttest design	175 MD	10 meditation i.s. + mantra’s repetition daily /10 weeks	Post-int ↓ distress
[44] USA	one group pretest-posttest pilot design	5 MBCT	8 mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive therapy g.s and 1 mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive therapy i.s. + daily practice /8 weeks	Post-int & 4 month ↓ depressive symptoms ↑ dispositional mindfulness ↑ QoL
[45, 115, 116] USA	one group pretest-posttest pilot design + QA	adolescents 59 (11HIV+) MBSR	9 body scan, mindfulness meditation, yoga g.s of 2 h + daily practice /8 weeks	Post-int Feasible and acceptable ↓ symptoms (hostility and discomfort)
[46] USA	one group pretest-posttest pilot design + QA	11 MCPA	5 noticing positive events, capitalizing, gratitude, mindfulness, positive reappraisal, personal strengths, attainable goals, kindness, i.s. + daily home practice /6 weeks	Post-int Feasible and acceptable ↑ positive affect ↓ negative affect
[47] USA	one group pretest-posttest pilot design + QA	9 MABT	8 massage, interceptive training, mindful body awareness i.s. of 1 h30 + home practice /8 weeks	Post-int Feasible and acceptable
[48] Conference abstract UK	one group pretest-posttest pilot design + QA	12 CFT	8 attention, emotional regulation, mindfulness practice g.s. of 2 h /8 weeks	Post-int Feasible and acceptable
[49] USA	untreated control group with pretest and posttest design	24 MBSR	8 body scan, mindfulness meditation, hatha yoga g.s. of 2 h30 + daily home practice /8 weeks	Post-int & 5 months ↓ mood disturbance ↓ stress ↑ NK cell number and activity
		10 CG	usual care
[50] Thailand	action research: mixed method	16 PSM	8 mindfulness meditation, emotional reflective techniques s. + daily home practice /8 weeks	Post-int ↓ suffering
[51, 117] USA	untreated control group with pretest and posttest design + QA	21 3S+	12 cognitive-behavioral spirituality focused psychotherapy, mindfulness training i.s. + daily mindfulness home practice /12 weeks	Post-int ↓ impulsivity ↑ spirituality
		17 CG	usual care
[52] USA	RCT	10 ST	4 support group g.s. of 1 h30 /4 weeks
		10 CBST	4 Benson’s relaxation exercises, cognitive-behavioral stress training g.s. of 1 h30 + twice daily home practice/ 4 weeks
		10 WL	wait-list
[53] USA	RCT	13 MT	1 meditation g.s. of 90 min + daily meditation home practice /4 weeks	Post-int & 2 months To MT + MSSG: ↑ QoL
		13 MSSG	20 massage i.s. of 30 min /4 weeks
		16 MT + MSSG	1 meditation g.s of 90 min + daily meditation home practice + and 20 massage i.s of 30 min /4 weeks
		16 Control	usual care
[54, 118] USA	RCT	46 MT	6 mantra’s repetition g.s. of 90 min and group discussion + daily practice /10 weeks	Post-int & 22 weeks ↓ anger ↑ spiritual wellbeing
		47 ACG	6 videotapes on HIV-topics g.s. of 90 min and group discussion /10 weeks
[55, 119] USA	RCT	33 MBSR	8 body scan, mindfulness meditation, yoga g.s. of 2 h + a day long retreat (6 h) + daily practice /10 weeks	Post-int = CD4 counts
		15 CG	1 day MBSR information
[56, 120] Iran	RCT	120 MBSR	8 body scan, mindfulness meditation, yoga g.s. of 2 h + 1 day of retreat (6 h) + daily practice /8 weeks	Post-int & 12 months ↓ physical symptoms
		125 ESC	2 HIV education g.s of 2 h
[57] USA	RCT	40 MBSR	8 body scan, mindfulness meditation, yoga g.s. of 2 h30 + 1 day of retreat (6 h) + daily practice /8 weeks	Post-int ↓ ARV side effects
		36 CG	wait-list
[58] Canada	RCT	78 MBSR	8 body scan, mindfulness meditation, yoga g.s. of 3 h + 1 day of retreat (6 h) + daily practice /8 weeks	Post-int & 6 months ↓ avoidance ↑ positive affect ↑ mindfulness
		39 CG	usual care
[21] USA	pilot RCT	11 TM	14 transcendental meditation s. + daily home practice /24 weeks	Post-int Feasible and acceptable ↑ HRQoL
		11 HE	14 healthy eating education s.

MD meditation, i.s. individual sessions, Post-int post intervention, MBCT mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, g.s group sessions, QoL quality of life, QA qualitative approach, MBSR mindfulness-based stress reduction program, RCT randomized controlled trial, QE qualitative evaluation, MCPA multiple-component positive affect, MABT mindful awareness in body-oriented therapy, CFT compassion-focused therapy, 3-S+ spiritual self-schema therapy, PSM palliative-suffering model, TM transcendental meditation, HE healthy eating education, HRQoL health related quality of life, ST support training, SIT stress inoculation training, WL wait list, MT mantra, MSSG massage, MT + MSSG mantra + massage, ACG attention control group, CG control group, ESC education and support condition