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Northern hemisphere summer (JJA) temperature anomalies reconstructed from the two tree-ring chronologies (NH1 and NH2; Stoffel et al. 2015) spanning the eruptions of a Eldgjá and b Laki. Shaded areas denote uncertainties (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) related to the NH1 tree-ring reconstruction (Sect. 2). Spatial extent of the JJA temperature anomalies are for c 939 CE, d 940 CE and e 941 CE
