Table 3.
Agreement between Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart and refraction result
| ETDRS by refractionist | Examination normal | Examination abnormal | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | 4840 | 8 | 4848 | ||
| Abnormal | 145 | 137 | 282 | ||
| Total | 4985 | 145 | 5130 | ||
| Prevalence | 0.028265 (95% CI: 0.023981-0.03327) | ||||
| Sensitivity | 0.944828 (95% CI: 0.890567-0.97412) | ||||
| Specificity | 0.970913 (95% CI: 0.965765-0.97532) | ||||
| Predictive value positive | 0.485816 (95% CI: 0.426323-0.545701) | ||||
| Predictive value negative | 0.99835 (95% CI: 0.996611-0.999233) | ||||
| Kappa ETDRS result | |||||
| Expected (%) |
κ | SE | Z | Probability >Z | |
| Agreement | Agreement | ||||
| 97.02 | 91.99 | 0.6278 | 0.0132 | 47.69 | 0.0000 |
Kappa statistic: 0.6278. ETDRS: Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study, CI: Confidence interval, SE: Standard error