Table 3.

Association of clinical variables with past-month drinking, NSDUH, 2002–2017

	Pregnant women n=13,488		Does association differ by pregnancy stage?a	Early pregnancy n=4,104		Middle/late pregnancy n=9,384
	Prevalence of drinking among the subgroup %b (SE)	Odds ratiob (95% CI)	Wald F(df), p-value	Prevalence of drinking among the subgroup %c (SE)	Odds ratioc (95% CI)	Prevalence of drinking among the subgroup %c (SE)	Odds ratioc (95% CI)
Trimester
First	19.1 (0.92)	Reference
Second	6.5 (0.55)	0.29 (0.23, 0.36)
Third	4.6 (0.56)	0.20 (0.15, 0.27)
Past year disorder
Alcohol use disorder			0.88(1), p=0.35
Yes	27.0 (2.05)	4.46 (3.43, 5.81)
No	8.6 (0.42)	Reference
Depressiond			0.04(1), p=0.84
Yes	13.6 (1.79)	1.58 (1.12, 2.24)
No	9.4 (0.79)	Reference
Past month substance use
Tobacco			0.37(1), p=0.54
Yes	18.8 (1.29)	2.85 (2.33, 3.49)
No	8.1 (0.43)	Reference
Marijuana			4.50(1), p=0.035
Yes	35.7 (2.64)	7.13 (5.42, 9.39)		50.3 (4.28)	5.29 (3.70, 7.57)	34.8 (4.47)	11.45 (7.37, 17.78)
No	8.5 (0.42)	Reference		17.0 (0.88)	Reference	4.8 (0.40)	Reference
Cocaine			0.45(1), p=0.50
Yes	51.9 (11.12)	13.41 (4.91, 36.63)
No	9.7 (0.41)	Reference
Any druge			3.27(1), p=0.07
Yes	34.3 (2.87)	6.63 (4.85, 9.06)
No	8.6 (0.49)	Reference

^aDifferential association was indicated by significant interaction between the risk factor and pregnancy stage in logistic regression. Where interaction was significant (p<0.05), results are shown stratified by pregnancy stage.

^bAdjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, income, marital status, trimester, and year.

^cAdjusted for all except trimester.

^dFor depression, n=10,787, because this variable was not available for 2002–2004.

^eUse of marijuana, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, methamphetamine, inhalants, or non-medical use of prescription psychotherapeutics (opioid pain relievers, stimulants, sedatives, or tranquilizers); n=11,262, available 2002–2014.