FIG 5.

Changes in abundances of enzymes of central carbon metabolism during growth with vanillin and differential fumarase regulation. (A) Enzymes catalyzing the reactions shown in green were increased in abundance during growth with vanillin by the fold changes shown; enzymes catalyzing reactions shown in red were decreased by the fold changes shown. Enzymes catalyzing the reactions shown in dark blue showed no significant change in abundance. The thickness of the arrows is proportional to the fold change. PGL, 6-phosphogluconolactone; 6PG, 6-phosphogluconate; Rbu5P, ribulose-5-phosphate; R5P, ribose-5-phosphate; X5P, xylulose-5-phosphate; E4P, erythrose 4-phosphate; F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; S7P, sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; GA3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; 1,3BPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid; 3PG, 3-phosphoglyceric acid; 2PG, 2-phosphoglyceric acid; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate. (B) Total fumarase activity of E. coli cell extracts from wild-type and fumarase-deficient cells grown in the absence or presence of 10 mM vanillin was measured spectrophotometrically at 240 nm. The data represent mean levels of activity of extracts from three independent cultures; error bars represent standard deviations. *, P = 0.01 to 0.05; **, P = 0.001 to 0.01; ***, P = <0.001 (by Student's t test). (C) Comparison of levels of growth in LB plus 10 mM vanillin at 6 h after inoculation (OD₆₀₀) of BW25113 wild-type parent and single-gene-deletion strains from the Keio collection. Data represent means and standard deviations of results from triplicate cultures. A value of 100% corresponds to an OD₆₀₀ of 0.49 ± 0.04. NS, not significant (compared to WT). ***, P < 0.001 (by one-way ANOVA compared to the WT).