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. 2019 Jun 12;14(6):e0217341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217341

Table 1. Students' socio-demographic characteristics, 2013.

Race/ethnicity Poverty status
  Total
N = 789520
White
n = 123 874
Black
n = 205 875
Hispanic
n = 327 220
Asian & Other
n = 132 551
Low-income
n = 669 478
Not low-income
n = 120 042
Female, % 50 49 51 50 49 50 49
Low-income, % 85 55 93 93 80 100 0
Foreign born, % 16 13 11 15 31 17 11
Special education, % 13 13 15 16 5 14 10
English at home, % 56 69 92 40 28 53 72
Below proficient score on NYSESLATa, % 14 7 3 22 21 15 9
Grade, mean (SD) 5.97 (3.75) 5.59 (3.74) 6.37 (3.71) 5.84 (3.74) 5.99 (3.79) 6.24 (3.70) 4.42 (3.63)
Age, mean (SD) 11.78 (3.97) 11.27 (3.86) 12.28 (3.95) 11.69 (3.98) 11.72 (3.98) 12.09 (3.93) 10.05 (3.74)
Borough, %
    Manhattan 11 14 8 14 8 10 18
    Bronx 22 5 23 34 5 24 8
    Queens 32 34 48 23 31 33 30
    Brooklyn 29 26 19 27 52 28 31
    Staten Island 6 21 3 3 3 5 13

Notes: Sample includes NYC public school students in districts 1–32 with home and school address data and student-level demographic data. Students for whom a substantial proportion of their food environment lies outside of the city boundaries (those whose home or school is within half a mile from city borders) are excluded.

a NYSESLAT stands for the New York State English as a Second Language Achievement Test.