(A) Effects of a rex mutation on toxin gene expression. Expression of the tcdA gene was measured by qRT-PCR in strains JIR8094 (WT), LB-CD24 (rex mutant) and LB-CD8 (prdR mutant). Cells were grown in CDMM for 24 h. The amount of tcdA mRNA was normalized to that of the internal control transcript rpoA. The means and standard error of the means of at least three biological replicates are shown. (B) Virulence of rex and prdR mutants in the hamster model of CDI. Kaplan-Meier survival curves of clindamycin-treated Syrian hamsters inoculated with 1,000 spores of C. difficile JIR8094 (wild-type, black line) or the rex mutant (dotted line) or the prdR mutant (dashed line). Uninfected control animals were treated with clindamycin, but did not receive any C. difficile. Animals showing signs of C. difficile infection (wet tail, poor fur coat, lethargy) were euthanized.