Table 2.
Univariate logistic regression analysis of factors potentially associated with prolonged p-LOS in the training set
| Variable | Normal p-LOS, n = 947 | Prolonged p-LOS, n = 310 | Crude OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| < 50 | 144 (15.2%) | 16 (5.2%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 50–59 | 313 (33.1%) | 87 (28.1%) | 2.50 (1.42–4.42) | 0.002* |
| 60–69 | 349 (36.9%) | 124 (40.0%) | 3.20 (1.84–5.57) | < 0.001* |
| ≥ 70 | 141 (14.9%) | 83 (26.8%) | 5.30 (2.96–9.49) | < 0.001* |
| P value for trend | < 0.001* | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 499 (52.7%) | 83 (26.8%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Male | 448 (47.3%) | 227 (73.2%) | 3.05 (2.30–4.04) | < 0.001* |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never or ever | 776 (81.9%) | 210 (67.7%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Current | 171 (18.1%) | 100 (32.3%) | 2.16 (1.62–2.89) | < 0.001* |
| Respiratory symptoms | ||||
| No | 631 (66.6%) | 153 (49.4%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Yes | 316 (33.4%) | 157 (50.6%) | 2.05 (1.58–2.66) | < 0.001* |
| FEV1 (L) | ||||
| ≥ 3.00 | 137 (14.5%) | 34 (11.0%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 2.30–2.99 | 338 (35.7%) | 110 (35.5%) | 1.31 (0.85–2.02) | 0.220 |
| 1.60–2.29 | 395 (41.7%) | 128 (41.3%) | 1.31 (0.85–2.00) | 0.219 |
| < 1.60 | 77 (8.1%) | 38 (12.3%) | 1.99 (1.16–3.41) | 0.013* |
| P value for trend | 0.037* | |||
| FEV1 % predicted | ||||
| ≥ 100.0% | 287 (30.3%) | 53 (17.1%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 90.0–99.9% | 218 (23.0%) | 62 (20.0%) | 1.54 (1.03–2.31) | 0.037* |
| 80.0–89.9% | 194 (20.5%) | 62 (20.0%) | 1.73 (1.15–2.61) | 0.009* |
| 70.0–79.9% | 135 (14.3%) | 70 (22.6%) | 2.81 (1.86–4.24) | < 0.001* |
| < 70.0% | 113 (11.9%) | 63 (20.3%) | 3.02 (1.97–4.62) | < 0.001* |
| P value for trend | < 0.001* | |||
| FVC % predicted | ||||
| ≥ 100.0% | 262 (27.7%) | 65 (21.0%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 90.0–99.9% | 263 (27.8%) | 72 (23.2%) | 1.10 (0.76–1.61) | 0.608 |
| 80.0–89.9% | 232 (24.5%) | 85 (27.4%) | 1.48 (1.02–2.13) | 0.038* |
| < 80.0% | 190 (20.1%) | 88 (28.4%) | 1.87 (1.29–2.71) | 0.001* |
| P value for trend | < 0.001* | |||
| FEV1/FVC < 70% (COPD) | ||||
| No | 806 (85.1%) | 220 (71.0%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Yes | 141 (14.9%) | 90 (29.0%) | 2.34 (1.73–3.17) | < 0.001* |
| RV/TLC | ||||
| < 35.0% | 342 (36.1%) | 89 (28.7%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 35.0–44.9% | 483 (51.0%) | 150 (48.4%) | 1.19 (0.89–1.61) | 0.243 |
| ≥ 45.0% | 122 (12.9%) | 71 (22.9%) | 2.24 (1.54–3.25) | < 0.001* |
| P value for trend | < 0.001* | |||
| DLCO | ||||
| ≥ 23.0 | 173 (18.3%) | 37 (13.9%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 18.0–22.9 | 344 (36.3%) | 100 (32.3%) | 1.17 (0.78–1.75) | 0.444 |
| 13.0–17.9 | 316 (33.4%) | 113 (36.5%) | 1.44 (0.97–2.14) | 0.073 |
| < 13.0 | 114 (12.0%) | 60 (17.4%) | 1.91 (1.20–3.03) | 0.007* |
| P value for trend | 0.003* | |||
| Surgical approach | ||||
| VATS | 701 (74.0%) | 131 (42.3%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Open | 246 (26.0%) | 179 (57.7%) | 3.89 (2.98–5.09) | < 0.001* |
| Surgical type | ||||
| Sub-lobectomy | 129 (13.6%) | 18 (5.8%) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Lobectomy | 813 (85.9%) | 272 (87.7%) | 2.40 (1.44–4.00) | 0.001* |
| Pneumonectomy | 5 (0.5%) | 20 (6.5%) | 28.67 (9.57–85.87) | < 0.001* |
Only variables with statistical significance (P < 0.05) in the univariate analysis are shown in the table
p-LOS postoperative length of stay, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1s, FVC forced vital capacity, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, RV/TLC ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity, DLCO diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, VATS video-assisted thoracic surgery
*Statistically significant