Table 1.
Cryptococcal antigenemia among ART‐naïve and ART‐initiated peoples (n = 267)
| ART naïve (n = 127) | On ART (n = 140) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | CrAg+:n(%) | CrAg−: n(%) | Total: n(%) | CrAg+:n(%) | CrAg−: n(%) | Total:n(%) | ||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | 1 (1.5) | 67 (98.5) | 68 (53.5) | 0 (0.00) | 69 (100.0) | 69 (49.3) | ||
| Male | 5 (8.5) | 54 (91.5) | 59 (46.5) | 3 (4.2) | 68 (95.8) | 71 (50.7) | ||
| Age (Years) | ||||||||
| 18–27 | 1 (4.8) | 20 (95.2) | 21 (16.5) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (100.0) | 11 (7.6) | ||
| 28–37 | 3 (5.5) | 52 (94.5) | 55 (43.3) | 1 (2.3) | 43 (97.7) | 44 (31.4) | ||
| 38–47 | 2 (4.9) | 39 (95.1) | 41 (32.3) | 2 (4.1) | 47 (95.9) | 49 (35) | ||
| 48–57 | 0 (0.0) | 7 (100.0) | 7 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 22 (100.0) | 22 (15.7) | ||
| 58–67 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 3 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (100.0) | 12 (8.6) | ||
| 68–75 | — | — | — | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100.0) | 2 (1.4) | ||
| Residence | ||||||||
| Urban | 3 (2.8) | 103 (97.2) | 106 (83.5) | 1 (0.9) | 115 (99.1) | 116 (82.6) | ||
| Rural | 3 (14.3) | 18 (85.7) | 21 (16.5) | 2 (8.3) | 22 (91.7) | 24 (17.1) | ||
| Patients | ||||||||
| Out patients | 1 (1.0) | 102 (99.0) | 103 (81.1) | 0 (0.0) | 128 (100.0) | 128 (91.4) | ||
| Inpatients | 5 (20.8) | 19 (79.2) | 24 (18.9) | 3 (25.0) | 9 (75.0) | 12 (8.6) | ||
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) | ||||||||
| ≤50 | 4 (12.9) | 27 (87.1) | 31 (50.8) | 2 (6.7) | 28 (93.3) | 30 (42.5) | ||
| 51–100 | 1 (4.0) | 24 (96.0) | 25 (53.2) | 1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | 22 (46.8) | ||
| 101–150 | 1 (4.0) | 24 (96.0) | 25 (50.0) | 0 (0.0) | 25 (100.0) | 25 (50.0) | ||
| >150 | 0 (0.0) | 46 (100.0) | 46 (42.2) | 0 (0.0) | 63 (100.0) | 63 (57.8) | ||
| WHO stage | ||||||||
| Stage I | 0 (0.0) | 31 (100.0) | 31 (24.4) | 0 (0.0) | 102 (100.0) | 102 (72.9) | ||
| Stage II | 0 (0.0) | 31 (100.0) | 31 (24.4) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (100.0) | 12 (8.6) | ||
| Stage III | 0 (0.0) | 40 (100.0) | 40 (31.5) | 1 (6.7) | 14 (93.3) | 15 (10.7) | ||
| Stage IV | 6 (24.0) | 19 (76.8) | 25 (19.7) | 2 (18.2) | 9 (81.8) | 11 (7.9) | ||
| Sign and symptoms | ||||||||
| Headache | 4 (8.5) | 43 (91.5) | 47 (54.0) | 2 (6.7) | 28 (93.3) | 30 (46.0) | ||
| Cough | 4 (6.7) | 56 (93.3) | 60 (72.3) | 3 (13.0) | 20 (87.0) | 23 (27.7) | ||
| Fever | 2 (3.5) | 55 (96.5) | 57 (74.0) | 2 (10.0) | 18 (90.0) | 20 (26.0) | ||
| Nausea | 5 (13.2) | 33 (86.8) | 38 (52.1) | 2 (5.1) | 33 (94.9) | 35 (47.9) | ||
| Vomiting | 6 (15.4) | 33 (84.6) | 39 (60.0) | 1 (3.8) | 25 (96.2) | 26 (40.0) | ||
| Visual change | 3 (7.5) | 37 (92.5) | 40 (72.7) | 1 (6.7) | 14 (93.3) | 15 (27.3) | ||
| Neck stiffness | 3 (13.6) | 19 (86.4) | 22 (70.9) | 0 (0) | 9 (100) | 9 (29.1) | ||
CrAg+: positive for cryptococcal antigenemia; CrAg−: negative for cryptococcal antigenemia.