Fig. 4.

Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching confirming decreased ER protein mobility in ZZ-HLCs. (A) KDEL-GFP transfected cells were exposed to a single bleaching event (white box). (B) Recovery of GFP fluorescence by way of diffusion into the bleached area was measured by tracking fluorescence within the bleached area. (C) Slope of the fluorescent recovery curve and the mobile fraction indicate a significantly lower degree of protein mobility and higher viscosity in ZZ-HLCs with inclusions. Statistical analysis by unpaired, parametric t test: **p ≤0.01, ****p ≤0.0001. ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FRAP, fluorescent recovery after photobleaching; GFP, green fluorescent protein; HLCs, hepatocyte-like cells.