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. 2019 May;128:282–289. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.01.021

Table 2.

Task blocks analysed where either P(O|A) or P(O|~A) were varied individually.

Programmed contingencies
P(O|A) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.60
P(O|~A) 0.60 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00
ΔP −0.60 −0.30 0.00 0.30 0.60

Probabilities (P) of an outcome (O) given an action (A) or its absence (~A): the response-contingent conditional probability P(O|A), the response-non-contingent conditional probability P(O|~A), and the instrumental contingency i.e., the difference between these two, where ΔP˭P(O|A)–P(O|~A).