. 2019 May 23;8(5):144. doi: 10.3390/antiox8050144

Table 3.

Concentration of volatile compounds detected in cranberry wines by GC-MS (gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry).

No.	Compound	CAS	Codes	Concentration (µg/L)																		p-value
				Stevens						Pilgrim						Bergman						p-value
				White	SD%	Thermo	SD%	Red	SD%	White	SD%	Thermo	SD%	Red	SD%	White	SD%	Thermo	SD%	Red	SD%	Cultivar	Vinification
*Esters*
1	Ethyl Acetate	141-78-6	ES1	5,716 ^ab	11	4811 ^bc	3	5,648 ^ab	9	5714 ^ab	2	4,929 ^bc	9	6904 ^a	6	5582 ^abc	4	4106 ^c	17	6345 ^a	5	0.1	<0.0001 *
2	Methyl butanoate	623-42-7	ES2	0.72 ^de	13	0.52 ^e	12	0.49 ^e	9	1.62 ^b	6	1.17 ^c	3	2.15 ^a	7	1.16 ^c	11	1.00 ^cd	23	1.08 ^cd	16	<0.0001 *	0.0223 *
3	Isobutyl acetate	110-19-0	ES3	10.02 ^a	12	10.45 ^a	2	11.00 ^a	4	10.75 ^a	2	11.23 ^a	4	11.33 ^a	6	10.55 ^a	16	9.35 ^a	2	10.81 ^a	2	0.1	0.3
4	Ethyl butyrate	105-54-4	ES4	35.76 ^bc	9	33.55 ^bc	4	38.97 ^abc	7	44.96 ^abc	13	46.93 ^ab	11	53.08 ^a	14	39.04 ^abc	24	30.40 ^c	5	34.47 ^bc	3	<0.0001 *	0.2
5	Ethyl methylbutyrate	7452-79-1	ES5	11.09 ^a	6	9.11 ^a	13	11.65 ^a	7	10.71 ^a	20	11.53 ^a	23	13.24 ^a	26	11.27 ^a	31	7.85 ^a	28	9.43 ^a	13	0.2	0.3
6	Isoamyl acetate	123-92-2	ES6	27.89 ^ab	15	25.71 ^c	3	38.49 ^b	5	32.70 ^bc	7	31.05 ^bc	7	58.39 ^a	17	29.65 ^bc	15	26.45 ^bc	5	40.14 ^b	2	0.0108 *	0.0011 *
7	Methyl hexanoate	106-70-7	ES7	7.87 ^ab	3	8.39 ^a	3	4.37 ^d	3	8.44 ^a	5	7.54 ^ab	10	4.86 ^d	8	6.58 ^bc	11	8.14 ^a	1	5.23 ^cd	7	0.9	<0.0001 *
8	Ethyl hexanoate	123-66-0	ES8	35.86 ^ab	18	29.70 ^bc	12	16.40 ^d	2	42.18 ^a	11	37.85 ^ab	2	28.44 ^bc	13	22.95 ^cd	19	22.48 ^cd	6	12.66 ^d	3	<0.0001 *	<0.0001 *
9	Methyl benzoate	93-58-3	ES9	83.25 ^bcd	11	57.52 ^cd	14	101.03 ^abc	15	106.65 ^ab	15	48.11 ^d	4	145.55 ^a	20	74.95 ^bcd	5	69.83 ^bcd	20	110.20 ^ab	23	0.2	0.0003 *
10	Ethyl octanoate	106-32-1	ES10	43.79 ^ab	5	34.94 ^bc	14	6.25 ^e	7	49.37 ^a	18	40.39 ^abc	10	14.88 ^de	18	26.67 ^cd	18	31.18 ^bc	5	4.98 ^e	4	0.1	<0.0001 *
11	Ethyl benzoate	93-89-0	ES11	3,752 ^ab	11	2,701 ^bc	16	1631 ^c	20	4,928 ^a	17	1,730 ^c	7	3122 ^bc	18	4,128 ^ab	23	3068 ^bc	17	2412 ^bc	26	0.4	<0.0001*
12	β-phenylethyl acetate	103-45-7	ES12	267.79 ^a	2	262.27 ^ab	0	252.14 ^b	2	271.28 ^a	1	271.15 ^a	2	267.32 ^a	3	263.57 ^ab	2	260.15 ^ab	0	257.77 ^ab	1	0.0049 *	0.0275*
13	Ethyl decanoate	110-38-3	ES13	5.18 ^a	8	4.43 ^a	9	1.82 ^b	1	5.03 ^a	5	4.80 ^a	15	2.16 ^b	9	4.15 ^a	1	4.09 ^a	18	1.80 ^b	2	0.5	<0.0001*
14	Ethyl cinnamate (trans)	103-36-6	ES14	93.11 ^b	10	99.84 ^b	20	22.73 ^f	7	170.71 ^a	4	83.96 ^bc	13	36.94 ^def	7	62.05 ^cd	2	59.35 ^cde	13	27.83 ^ef	5	0.1	0.0011 *
*Alcohols*
15	Isobutanol	78-83-1	ACH1	11,764 ^bc	22	11,797 ^bc	7	13,601 ^ab	3	15,844 ^a	3	15,020 ^ab	11	16,475 ^a	5	11,010 ^bc	17	7,515 ^c	8	15,331 ^ab	9	<0.0001 *	0.0044 *
16	Isoamylalcohol	123-51-3	ACH2	26,280 ^a	14	25,705 ^a	6	26,720 ^a	3	28,911 ^a	3	26,997 ^a	6	30,073 ^a	2	25,320 ^a	7	25,281 ^a	18	23,904 ^a	11	0.0087 *	0.5
17	α-terpineol	98-55-5	ACH3	288.42 ^bc	10	228.89 ^c	6	293.06 ^b	7	286.13 ^bc	3	272.78 ^bc	4	319.28 ^b	5	423.71 ^a	11	415.03 ^a	3	473.69 ^a	0	<0.0001 *	0.0006 *
18	Benzyl alcohol	100-51-6	ACH4	1,842 ^ab	4	1768 ^b	9	2604 ^a	2	918 ^cd	4	752.67 ^d	4	1,843 ^a	13	1181 ^bcd	31	1527 ^bcd	10	1785 ^abc	7	0.0002 *	0.0007 *
19	Geraniol (trans)	106-24-1	ACH5	68.50 ^a	1	58.97 ^a	16	64.67 ^a	10	84.70 ^a	14	85.71 ^a	15	95.74^a	23	75.40 ^a	33	65.46 ^a	26	73.03 ^a	14	0.0084 *	0.5
20	Phenylethyl alcohol	60-12-8	ACH6	3,116 ^bc	13	2904 ^c	8	2859 ^c	5	4108 ^a	2	3,308 ^bc	8	3778^ab	6	2990 ^bc	5	2775 ^c	14	2752 ^c	7	<0.0001 *	0.0225 *
*Acids*
21	Methylbutyric acid	116-53-0	ACID1	523.23 ^ab	10	429.26 ^abcde	21	292.55 ^e	6	541.72 ^a	5	456.33 ^abcd	13	317.79 ^de	17	496.39 ^abc	2	366.73 ^bcde	15	330.94 ^cde	1	0.9	0.0001 *
22	Hexanoic acid	142-62-1	ACID2	306.54 ^cde	6	475.47 ^ab	16	272.14 ^de	6	451.20 ^abc	8	579.65 ^a	12	345.68 ^bcd	12	300.40 ^cde	33	255.80 ^de	2	178.86 ^e	11	<0.0001 *	0.0001 *
23	Octanoic acid	124-07-2	ACID3	272.72 ^ab	12	250.15 ^ab	20	54.32 ^c	8	325.28 ^a	7	255.01 ^ab	17	91.84 ^c	10	200.62 ^b	6	195.79 ^b	14	41.50 ^c	8	0.2	<0.0001 *
24	Decanoic acid	334-48-5	ACID4	18.73 ^b	4	20.77 ^b	25	4.68 ^d	8	30.21^ab	6	8.57 ^cd	26	6.42 ^cd	3	21.22 ^ab	2	15.37^bc	2	4.22 ^d	4	0.9	0.0004 *
25	Benzoic acid	65-85-0	ACID5	65,564 ^ab	8	59,455 ^abcd	13	53162 ^bcd	10	60,490^abcd	7	47,267 ^d	10	49,584 ^cd	4	72,760 ^a	3	59,848^abcd	3	64,506 ^abc	9	0.0003 *	0.0019 *
*Others*
26	Pentanal	110-62-3	PEN	11.55 ^a	2	13.65 ^a	5	6.76 ^a	8	9.41^a	5	15.47 ^a	10	6.43 ^a	14	6.76 ^a	8	7.80^ab	7	7.06 ^ab	7	0.9	0.1
27	3-Octanone	106-68-3	OCT	0.82 ^bc	24	0.67 ^bcd	16	0.16 ^e	15	1.21^a	13	0.92 ^ab	17	0.90 ^ab	13	0.49 ^cde	2	0.58^bc	6	0.30 ^c	16	<0.0001 *	0.0032 *
28	D-Limonene	5989-27-5	LIM	7.47 ^cd	2	6.45 ^e	6	6.51 ^de	1	6.87^cde	2	6.42 ^e	7	7.66 ^bc	2	8.72 ^ab	4	9.36^a	8	8.97 ^a	2	<0.0001 *	0.2
29	β-damascenone	23696-85-7	DAM	1.40 ^b	8	0.93 ^b	11	0.75 ^b	30	1.32^b	9	0.95 ^b	35	4.96 ^a	15	1.18 ^b	4	1.23^b	19	0.75 ^b	24	0.0494 *	0.3
30	4-ethylguaiacol	2785-89-9	EG	8.46 ^a	10	8.35 ^a	16	6.79 ^ab	4	5.67 ^b	6	0.52 ^d	16	1.47 ^cd	9	3.07 ^bc	3	2.23 ^c	2	1.56 ^d	2	<0.0001 *	0.0042 *
31	4-ethylphenol	123-07-9	EP	20.31 ^a	12	11.32 ^b	10	11.82 ^b	4	6.25 ^c	2	2.49 ^d	3	4.05 ^cd	3	3.16 ^cd	1	3.15 ^c	1	3.88 ^cd	1	<0.0001 *	0.0012 *

Values identified by the same letters are not significantly different at the 0.05 level (Tukey-Kramer HSD test). *: significant impact on the compound.