Table 3.

The different anti-cancer therapies targeting B cells, either through their activation or on the contrary through their depletion/inhibition are summarized.

Type of Therapy	Target Cells/Effect on B Cells	Consequence	Cancer Type/Animal Model/Cell Line	References
Activation of B cells
B cell–based vaccine–CD40 dependent activation	CD19+	Activation of T cells, migration to secondary lymphoid organs	HPV16, B16-F10, E.G7, 4T1 metastasis, sarcoma, spontaneous NHL.	[25,92,94,95,96,97]
CpG-ODN	CD19+	Metastasis regression, decrease immunosuppressive TME	B16-F10	[98]
GIFT4	Up-regulation of CD25, CD27, CD40, CD69, MHC class I/II, CD80, CD83 and CD86 expression	Activation of CTL	B16-F10	[99]
DRibbles	MHC class I and II molecules, CD86 and CD40	Activation of tumor specific T cells	Lymphoma, HCC	[100,101]
Inhibition/Depletion of B cells
Anti-CD20 antibody	Depletion of CD20+ cells	Health benefit	colon cancer, melanoma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma	[110,111,112,113]
		No effect or deleterious effect	B16-F10 Renal cell carcinoma, melanoma	[98,114,115,116]
BTK inhibitor	Depletion of IgMlo CD23+ CD5− and IgMlo CD23− B cells	Reduction in tumor growth	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	[117]
CXCL13-CpG-ODN	Depletion of CXCR5+ Bregs	Activation of CTL	4T1	[116]
Anti-IL10 antibody	Inhibition of Bregs	Increase efficiency of CD40-activated B cells	4T1	[6]
Resveratrol	Decrease in Breg number	Block metastasis formation	4T1	[120]
Total glucosides of paeony (TGP)	Decrease in Breg number	Improved survival	HCC	[121]
Lipoxin A4	Inhibition of Breg conversion from naïve B cells	Decrease tumor growth	B16-F10, H22	[122]
MK886	Inhibition of Breg conversion from naïve B cells	Decrease tumor growth	B16-F10	[53]