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. 2019 May 9;8(5):125. doi: 10.3390/antiox8050125

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Propolis extracts decrease the mRNA levels of MMPs after UVB irradiation in a reconstituted human skin model. EpidermTM EPI-200 human skin tissues were pretreated with 20 μg/mL of either PR_1b (a) or PR_9b (b), for 2 h prior to UVB irradiation (55 mJ/cm2) and incubated again with or without the propolis extracts for 2 h. After 24 h, the tissues were harvested, and total RNA was extracted. Quantitative real-time PCR was utilized to determine levels of MMP-1, -3, -7, and -9 mRNA. Expression levels of MMP-1, -3, -7, and -9 were normalized to those of β-actin. Untreated cells served as a reference sample. The formula RQ = 2−ΔΔCt was used in order to quantitate the data. The graph is representative of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001.