Figure 3.

Schematic model of regulation of the Hippo pathway by numerous signaling pathways in cancer. (a) Integrin-ILK signaling inhibits MYPT1, leading to inactivation of the MST1/2-LATS1/2 kinase cascade, which triggers YAP/TAZ activation. (b) RAC1 and PAK1 phosphorylate NF2 that inhibits the interaction between YAP and NF2, resulting in YAP/TAZ activation. (c) Integrin-FAK signaling activates the RhoA-ROCK pathway to control remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. (d) In response to ECM, Agrin enhances RhoA-ROCK-dependent actin cytoskeletal remodeling. As a later event, YAP/TAZ are translocated to the nucleus to interact with transcription factors (TFs), which drive profibrotic and tumorigenic effects.