Table 1.
Preparation of the DNA samples and their information.
| Formula | Samples (and Its Biological Origin) | DNA ID | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sheng-Mai-San | Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Panax ginseng) | RS1 | Company A |
| RS2 | Company A | ||
| RS3 | Company A | ||
| Ophiopogonis Radix (Ophiopogon japonicus) | MD1 | ‘Zhe’ O. japonicus; Cixi, Zhejiang province; producing area | |
| MD2 | ‘Zhe’ O. japonicus; Xiangshan, Zhejiang province; wildness | ||
| MD3 | ‘Chuan’ O. japonicus; Santai, Sichuan province; Market B | ||
| MD4 | ‘Chuan’ O. japonicus; Sichuan province; Company C | ||
| Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (Schisandra chinensis) | WW1 | Company C | |
| WW2 | Company C | ||
| WW3 | Company C | ||
| Sheng-Mai-San (SMS) | SMS1 | Mixed powder | |
| SMS2 | Mixed powder | ||
| SMS3 | Mixed powder | ||
| DNA mixture (HSM) | HMA | DNA Volume of MD1-RS1-WW1 = 3:3:2 | |
| HMB | DNA Volume of MD2-RS2-WW2 = 3:3:2 | ||
| HMC | DNA Volume of MD3-RS3-WW3 = 3:3:2 | ||
| Sanwei-Jili-San | Malvae Fructus (Malva veriticillata) | DK | Company D |
| Tribuli Fructus (Tribulus terrestris) | JL | Company D | |
| Chinese fresh-water crab (Eriocheir sinensis) | FH | A local supermarket | |
| Sanwei-Jili-San (SJS) | SJS1 | Mixed powder | |
| SJS2 | Mixed powder | ||
| SJS3 | Mixed powder | ||
| DNA mixture (JH) | JHA | DNA Volume of DK-JL-FH = 3:5:3 | |
| JHB | DNA Volume of DK-JL-FH = 3:5:3 | ||
| JHC | DNA Volume of DK-JL-FH = 3:5:3 |