Table 1.
Coding guidelines (subcodes).
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| Function | |
| Wellbeing | Reduction of stress/tension, occupation, balance, fun, focus, calming down, timeout, vegging, everything to get lost in it |
| Social learning tool | Advancement of social skills (e.g., figures of speech, behavior with peers, dealing with conflicts) |
| Advancement of other areas | Advancement of other areas other than social skills (like language, emotion, creativity) |
| Social acceptance/be part of a group | Shared topics of conversation, status symbol, coolness, means of participation |
| Safety | In case of emergency (parents, child); control, revisions, no negative feedback, can be regulated by self, transparency/predictability, distraction, anxiety reduction |
| Purpose in life | High significance in life of the child, high meaning for child |
| Social communication/exchange | Communicate/discuss with other people, having social contacts and network, time with other people, agreements |
| Babysitter | Entertainment/occupation for the child, to have more time for self, managing chores, have some quiet time |
| Reinforcement | Media as an instrument, so that the child behaves in the desired way |
| Joint family activities | Shared time with the family, evening ritual |
| Source of information | Facts, information gathering, knowledge expansion |
| Background noise | Background or side noise, no total silence, several devices simultaneously |
| Shared screen media usage | |
| Shared family time | Use of screen media together with the family (e.g., watching TV, playing computer games) |
| Monitoring | Emphasizing, that the media use of the child is being monitored (e.g., use, content, time spent), it is taken care of nothing getting broken |
| (Mutual) topic of conversation | The media offer a topic of conversation, child exchanges ideas and thoughts with the family, child talks about it (one-sided, even if the other person doesn’t show interest in it), child involves family |
| Educational support | Child is supported, e.g., with internet research; explanation, e.g., to understand a movie (counter insurance) |
| Evening ritual | Shared screen media use as an evening ritual |
| Media use all alone | Engagement with screen media, preferably by oneself |