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. 2019 Apr 26;8(5):385. doi: 10.3390/cells8050385

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of pinocembrin in nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) activation. Representative confocal images of EC untreated (A) and treated for 24 h with pinocembrin (B), glycated insulin (C), and glycated insulin in the presence of pinocembrin (D). Cells were incubated with specific antibodies against NF-kB/p65 (red) and Vimentin (green). Scale bar represents 20 μm. (E) Western blot analysis of NF-kB/p65 expression for cytosolic and nuclear fractions. Working concentrations were 40 µM both for insulin and pinocembrin. CTR: untreated cells, Pin: cells treated with 40 µM pinocembrin, InsRib: cells treated with glycated insulin, InsRib_Pin: cells co-incubated with glycated insulin and pinocembrin. Other experimental conditions are described in Section 2. Data are means ± SE (n = 3). *** p ˂ 0.001 versus CTR, ### p ˂ 0.001 versus InsRib.