Table 1.
Effects of PE on serum parameters in the plasma.
| ND | HFD | FX | PE-L | PE-M | PE-H | PE-M + CLA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | |||||||
| TG (mg/dL) | 45.3 ± 10.3 | 50.6 ± 9.2 | 44.7 ± 17.2 | 47.6 ± 10.2 | 34.8 ± 13.5 # | 35.7 ± 18.2 | 31.3 ± 6.7 # |
| TC (mg/dL) | 79.5 ± 5.8 | 130.5 ± 6.1 *** | 128.2 ± 30.9 *** | 126.3 ± 20.3 *** | 137.2 ± 9.2 *** | 123.7 ± 18.4 *** | 133.1 ± 14.3 *** |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 48.1 ± 6.0 | 71.2 ± 4.0 *** | 63.8 ± 15.7 ** | 63.3 ± 11.9 ** | 68.2 ± 5.6 *** | 60.9 ± 10.8 * | 64.3 ± 7.8 ** |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 6.8 ± 1.0 | 17.2 ± 1.6 *** | 17.3 ± 5.3 *** | 15.7 ± 1.7 *** | 14.9 ± 1.9 *** | 14.1 ± 1.7 ***,# | 14.4 ± 1.8 *** |
| AST (U/L) | 30.8 ± 4.2 | 31.5 ± 10.6 * | 23.1 ± 4.8 | 23.4 ± 6.1 | 25.0 ± 3.2 | 26.8 ± 9.1 | 22.3 ± 8.0 |
| ALT (U/L) | 52.7 ± 6.6 | 64.7 ± 10.9 | 61.4 ± 12.8 # | 55.1 ± 7.1 | 56.1 ± 4.5 | 62.5 ± 10.5 | 55.8 ± 10.7 *,# |
Note: Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 10 per group). Triacylglyceride (TG); total cholesterol (TC); high-density lipoprotein (HDL); low-density lipoprotein (LDL);aspartate transaminase (AST); alanine transaminase (ALT); normal diet (ND); high fat diet (HFD); fucoxanthin (FX), HFD + FX 0.1 mg/kg/day; PE-L, HFD + PE 0.81 mg/kg/day; PE-M, HFD + PE 1.62 mg/kg/day; PE-H, HFD + PE 3.25 mg/kg/day; PE-M + CLA, HFD + PE 1.62 mg/kg/day plus CLA 410 mg/kg/day. ***/**/* indicate a significant difference at p < 0.001/p< 0.01/p< 0.05 levels compared to the ND. # indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 level compared to the HFD.