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. 2019 May 8;17(5):272. doi: 10.3390/md17050272

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Inhibitory effects of the PPB isolated from ECE on VSMC dysfunction related molecules in diet-induced mouse models of obese and hypertension. (A) Light microscopic images showing abnormally high expressions of proliferation and migration related molecules (pERK1/2 and pAKT) in VSMCs in the Obese and in Hypertension models. (B,C) Quantitative graphs show intensity from representative images (dark gray bar, Obese mouse model; gray bar, Hypertension mouse model). Scale bar = 10 μm. *, P < 0.05 vs. the sham group; $, P < 0.05 vs. Obese/Saline or Hypertension/Saline group. PPB, pyrogallol-phloroglucinol-6,6-bieckol.