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. 2019 Jun 6;10:615. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00615

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Hamp reduces LPS-induce systemic TNFα, and mediators of inflammation like Cox-2 and protects the renal ultra-structure and reduces immune cell infiltration. Mice were treated with PBS or Hamp (50 µg/mouse, I.P.) 24 hr before injecting them with 6.5 mg/kg LPS. Hamp pretreatment significantly reduced LPS-induced serum TNFα levels at 2 and 6 hours (A). Similarly renal Cox-2 gene expression was also reduced by hepcidin pretreatment (B). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Data points are plotted as mean ± SEM (n = 4-5 per group). Representative electron micrographs of glomeruli from three groups of mice are shown. PBS treated mice show a glomerular capillary with normal fenestrated endothelium and podocyte foot processes which are fused following LPS show a glomerular capillary with normal fenestrated endothelium and podocyte foot processes which are fused following LPS treatment. (C). This loss/fusion of the endothelial fenestrae is reduced by Hamp pretreatment. (C). Original Magnification: 8,000X, Scale bar = 2 µm. Following LPS treament, there were a large number of neutrophils (7/4 antigen; magenta), CD11b+ve cells (CD11b; red) and macrophages (F4/80: green) in PBS-treated mice that were reduced by Hamp treatment (D). Scale bar = 100 µm. Experiments with 4-5 mice each were repeated twice and representative data from a singe experiment is depicted.