Table 3.
Non-canonical Nrf2 genes that are consistently modulated in HepG2 cells by four different Nrf2 activators. The numbers reflect fold-induction of the respective mRNA levels based on averages of 3 independent microarray or RNA-seq experiments for PB125 treatment (16 μg/mL), and single microarray experiments for the comparison treatments (PB123, Protandim, and dibenzoylmethane (DBM)). In every case these twelve genes were regulated in the same direction by all four Nrf2 activators (upregulation shaded in red; downregulation shaded in green).
| Gene | Gene Description | Nrf2 Activators | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PB125 | PB123 | Protandim | DBM | ||
| C9orf72 | C9orf72 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 1.2 |
| CCPG1 | Cell cycle progression 1 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 2.3 |
| CTH | Cystathionine gamma-lyase | 7.2 | 8.0 | 4.5 | 1.4 |
| GCKR | Glucokinase (hexokinase 4) regulator | 4.0 | 23.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 |
| LRP10 | Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 10 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 2.4 | 1.3 |
| NCF2 | Neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| DKK1 | Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 | −9.5 | −21.4 | −2.1 | −1.4 |
| FABP1 | fatty acid binding protein 1, liver | −6.5 | −16.7 | −7.7 | −2.7 |
| FMO5 | Flavin containing monooxygenase 5 | −3.3 | −14.3 | −3.2 | −1.5 |
| HMGCR | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase | −2.8 | −6.3 | −2.0 | −1.5 |
| LEAP2 | Liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 | −5.8 | −1.75 | −4.8 | −2.3 |
| PCSK9 | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 | −4.4 | −1.6 | −5.3 | −1.6 |