Table 2.

Summary of associations between physical activity and menarche timing: historical cohort studies

First author (citation)	Country, Year published	Sample size	Dichotomised PA groups	PA duration
Veronesi 26	Italy, 1994	n = 2930		Mean Difference (SE): AAM (years) Ref: Moderate PA (2 h/wk) Regular: 0.35 (0.144) Intense: 0.66 (0.206) p‐ANOVA <0.01
Chavarro 25	Colombia, 2004	n = 3206		Mean difference (95% CI): AAM (years) Ref: Not physically active: <1 h/d: 0.05 (‐0.04, 0.15) 1–2 h/d: 0.07 (‐0.08, 0.2) >2 h/d: 0.28 (0.06, 0.50) p‐trend = 0.02, adjusted for Place of birth, Maternal education, Socio‐economic status, Family size, Year of birth, Year of interview
Vandeloo 27	Belgium, 2007	n = 1146	No sport vs. Some sport (Ref) Hazard Ratio (95% CI): Time to menarche (year) 1.28 (1.054, 1.573) p = 0.013
Papadimitriou 28	Greece, 2008	n = 750	Active vs. Passive Mean difference (SE), AAM (year) 0.09 (0.09) T‐test: p = 0.3
Morris 24	UK, 2010	n = 81 438		Linear regression coefficient (95% CI): AAM (years) 0.0983 (0.065, 0.133) per 10 h/wk PA p < 0.01, adjusted for Ethnicity, Weight, Height, Number of siblings, Birth order, Maternal age, Twinning, Exposure to preeclampsia, Birthweight

PA = Physical activity, AAM = Age at menarche, Ref = Reference group.