Table 4. Within-Group Differences for Secondary Outcome Variables by Treatment Group.
| WHODAS II Measure | BA Group, Mean (SD) | Control Group, Mean (SD) | LGCM With Group as Covariate | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | Within-Group Differencea | Cohen d (95% CI)b | T1 | T2 | T3 | Within-Group Differencea | Cohen d (95% CI)b | Estimate (SE) for Slope | P Value | |||
| F | P Value | F | P Value | |||||||||||
| Cognition | 53.80 (20.63)c | 49.18 (21.15)d | 42.38 (19.54)c,d | F2.0,48.5 = 9.02 | <.001 | −0.65 (−1.08 to −0.18) | 54.46 (21.46) | 54.64 (24.20) | 49.20 (20.37) | F2.0,48.5 = 1.86 | .17 | −0.22 (−0.64 to 0.21) | −2.70 (2.11) | .20 |
| Mobility | 45.72 (26.34)c | 35.37 (27.03) | 29.73 (22.57)c | F2.0,45.4 = 11.42 | <.001 | −0.72 (−1.18 to −0.26) | 41.23 (25.70) | 41.82 (27.17) | 38.78 (26.16) | F2.0,46.4 = 0.46 | .63 | −0.11 (−0.55 to 0.33) | −5.59 (2.34) | .02 |
| Self-care | 37.04 (20.98) | 35.65 (23.06) | 30.26 (18.67) | F2.0,43.7 = 2.01 | .15 | −0.43 (−0.89 to 0.07) | 41.32 (23.61) | 43.59 (26.80) | 38.14 (27.80) | F2.0,40.3 = 1.84 | .17 | −0.14 (−0.57 to 0.30) | 0.47 (2.44) | .85 |
| Getting along | 56.70 (25.15) | 54.61 (25.94) | 53.05 (22.80) | F2.0,46.0 = 0.67 | .52 | −0.16 (−0.64 to 0.31) | 60.76 (25.90) | 60.00 (27.16) | 56.91 (25.75) | F2.0,40.4 = 1.77 | .18 | −0.16 (−0.62 to 0.31) | 1.08 (2.37) | .65 |
| Domestic responsibilities | 66.36 (28.43) | 54.58 (26.65) | 53.75 (31.68) | F2.0,43.6 = 3.23 | .049 | −0.42 (−0.90 to −0.03) | 66.60 (30.57) | 63.81 (34.00) | 57.73 (35.89) | F2.0,44.6 = 2.48 | .10 | −0.28 (−0.71 to 0.16) | 1.03 (3.40) | .76 |
| Participation | 61.39 (19.61)c | 55.59 (15.60) | 53.70 (19.18)c | F2.0,40.4 = 3.79 | .03 | −0.52 (−0.97 to −0.06) | 60.76 (21.54) | 59.98 (21.59) | 58.53 (20.41) | F2.0,34.5 = 0.83 | .44 | −0.09 (−0.56 to 0.40) | −0.59 (1.98) | .77 |
Abbreviations: BA, brief admission; LGCM, latent growth curve modeling; T1, baseline; T2, 6-month follow-up; T3, 12-month follow-up; WHODAS II, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II.
a
Outcomes analyzed through hierarchical linear modeling with time as a fixed effect.
b
Cohen d values were calculated as within-group time effect sizes from T1 to T3 using the mean difference divided by the sample T1 SD and by taking the correlation between the 2 repeated measures into account, as suggested by Morris and DeShon.32
c
Significant difference between means found from T1 to T3.
d
Significant difference between means found from T2 to T3.