Table 1.

Identified modules and their features.

Module identifier	Number of module genes	Functional enrichments (p-value < 0.001)	Relationship with PA*
M1	41	Regulation of cell-cell adhesion	Novel as a module
M2	45	GTPase activator activity, Nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity	Novel as a module
M3	14	Actin filament binding, Ras protein signal transduction	Novel for every module gene
M4	69	DNA damage checkpoint, Regulation of cellular response to stress	Novel as a module
M5	10	DNA damage checkpoint	Novel for every module gene
M6	8	Metal ion binding	Novel for every module gene
M7	8	Pyrophosphatase activity, Hydrolase activity, Acting on acid anhydrides	Novel for every module gene
M8	5	Nervous system development	Novel for every module gene
M9	5	Ras protein signal transduction, Small GTPase mediated signal transduction	Novel for every module gene
M10	5	Protein complex binding	Novel for every module gene

^*If stated as novel for every module gene, each module gene and module itself was reported for the first time in this study. If stated as novel as a module, some of the module genes were reported as a biomarker for PA but not reported as a whole module.