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. 2019 Jun 6;9:150. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00150

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Copyright © 2019 Nakada-Tsukui, Watanabe, Maehama and Nozaki.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Structures of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and phosphoinositides (PI), and the routes of their interconversion. PtdIns consists of a glycerol backbone with two covalently attached fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, and a D-myo-inositol head group linked via the phosphate at the sn-3 position. Three hydroxyl groups of the D-myo-inositol head group (D3-5) are independently phosphorylated or dephosphorylated to form the seven kinds of phosphorylated PtdIns, PIs. Solid and broken arrows indicate kinase and phosphate reactions, respectively.