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. 2019 Jun 6;10:1285. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01285

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Lack of serum selectively attenuates IL-1β release from cardiac fibroblasts with no induction of autophagy. (A) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with 10 ng/mL LPS for 20 h with or without 10% heat inactivated fetal calf serum, then incubated with or without 3 mM ATP for 60 min. Cytokines were quantified in conditioned media (n = 5). (B) In the same experiment as (A), pro-IL-1β mRNA were quantified with PCR. Data are normalized to control = 1. (C) Cardiac fibroblasts primed with LPS (10 ng/mL) were incubated with 10% FCS (control) or no serum for 4 h. Cells were labeled with anti-LC3B and Hoechst and whole slides scanned with an automated immunofluorescence microscope. (D) LC3B puncta in all cells were automatically counted and the ratio to the number of Hoechst-labeled kernels calculated. Paired data were normalized to control = 1 (n = 5). All columns are mean with SEM. *p < 0.05 (paired student t-test).