1. Description of interventions.

	Intervention(s) (route, frequency, total dose of injection or total dose/day)	Intervention(s) appropriate as applied in a clinical practice setting a (description)	Comparator(s) (route, frequency, total dose/day)	Comparator(s) appropriate as applied in a clinical practice setting a (description)
EORTC 30846	Gosereline (Zoladex) (s.c., every 4 weeks, 3.6 mg) and cryptoterone acetate (p.o., 3 times per day for the first 4 weeks of treatment, 50 mg) or orchiectomy (surgery, once, n.a.)	s.c. injections and p.o. or surgical intervention	Same treatment starting at clinical or subjective progression	s.c. injections and p.o. or surgical intervention
EORTC 30891	Subcapsular orchiectomy or buserelin (s.c. every 2 months, 6.3 mg) and cyproterone acetate (p.o. for the first 2 weeks, 50 mg)	Surgical intervention or s.c. injections	Same treatment starting at symptomatic disease progression	Surgical intervention or s.c. injections
ECPC	Bicalutamide (p.o., once daily, 150 mg) and watchful waiting (for oncological outcomes); bicalutamide (p.o., once daily, 150 mg) and standard care including radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, watchful waiting, or cryotherapy/cryosurgery (for adverse events)	p.o.	Placebo (p.o., once daily, n.a.) in addition to standard care	p.o.
EST 3886	Goserelin (Zoladex) (s.c., every 4 weeks, 3.6 mg) or orchiectomy (surgery, once, n.a.)	s.c. injections or surgical intervention	Same treatment starting at disease progression	s.c. injections or surgical intervention
Granfors 2006	Orchiectomy (surgery, once 3 weeks after the staging operation, n.a.)	Surgical intervention	Same treatment starting at disease progression (in 4 cases: LHRH analogues)	Surgical intervention (in 4 cases: s.c. injections)
MRC	Total or subcapsular orchiectomy (surgery, once, n.a.) or LHRH analogues (s.c., ‐, ‐); if for any reason either of these options became inappropriate an alternative form of effective hormone therapy was allowed: cryptoterone acetate, oestrogens, flutamide (‐, ‐, ‐)	Surgical intervention or s.c. injections	Same treatment starting at disease progression	Surgical intervention or s.c. injections
RTOG 85‐31	Goserelin (s.c., every 4 weeks, 3.6 mg)	s.c. injections	Same treatment starting at disease progression	s.c. injections
SAKK 08/88	Subcapsular orchiectomy (surgery, once, n.a.)	Surgical intervention	Same treatment starting at disease progression	Surgical intervention
TROG 03.06/ VCOG PR 0103	LHRH analogues (s.c., ‐, ‐), LHRH antagonists (s.c., ‐, ‐)	s.c. injections (intermittent ADT: 171/261; continuous ADT: 90/261)	Same treatment starting at disease progression (symptoms, occurrence of metastases, PSA doubling times decreased to 6 months or less) or at least 2 years after randomisation	s.c. injections (intermittent ADT: 171/261; continuous ADT: 90/261)
VACURG	Orchiectomy (surgery, once, n.a.) and placebo (p.o., ‐, ‐)	Surgical intervention and p.o.	Placebo (p.o., ‐, ‐)	p.o.
‐ denotes not reported; a The term 'clinical practice setting' refers to the specification of the intervention/comparator as used in the course of a standard medical treatment (such as dose, dose escalation, dosing scheme, provision for the contraindications and other important features); C: comparator; I: intervention; N/CPS: no specification of clinical practice setting possible; s.c.: subcutaneous; p.o.: per os; n.a.: not applicable; LHRH: luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone; PSA: prostate‐specific antigen