| Methods | Randomised, double blind, active (ketorolac) control, single oral dose. Study duration 6 h. Baseline PI = moderate or severe Self assessment at t = 0, 0.5, 1.0, then hourly up to 6 h. |
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| Participants | Orthopaedic surgery N = 60 M 27, F 33 Mean age = 41 years |
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| Interventions | Dipyrone, 500 mg, n = 30 Ketorolac 10 mg, n = 30 |
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| Outcomes | PI: non standard 5 point scale (none‐very severe) PR: standard 5 point scale (0‐4) Use of rescue medication Adverse events Withdrawals |
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| Notes | Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB1, W1. Total = 3 | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported |