Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents
| Characteristics | Sex, N (column %) | All (n = 330) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n = 133) | Women (n = 197) | |||||
| N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | |
| Age group (years) | 43.0 ± 16.4a | 44.1 ± 15.4a | 43.7 ± 15.8a | |||
| 19–29 | 32 | (24.1) | 38 | (19.3) | 70 | (21.3) |
| 30–59 | 80 | (60.2) | 134 | (68.0) | 214 | (64.8) |
| ≥ 60 | 21 | (15.8) | 25 | (12.7) | 46 | (13.9) |
| Ethnic group | ||||||
| Bajau | 131 | (98.5) | 193 | (98.0) | 324 | (98.2) |
| Bugis | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (1.0) | 2 | (0.6) |
| Jawa | 1 | (0.8) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.3) |
| Suluk | 1 | (0.8) | 1 | (0.5) | 2 | (0.6) |
| Sungai | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.5) | 1 | (0.3) |
| Religion | ||||||
| Islam | 133 | (100.0) | 197 | (100.0) | 330 | (100.0) |
| Educational level | ||||||
| No formal education | 20 | (15.0) | 63 | (32.0) | 83 | (25.2) |
| Primary school | 26 | (19.5) | 39 | (19.8) | 65 | (19.7) |
| Secondary school | 75 | (56.4) | 83 | (42.1) | 158 | (47.9) |
| High school certificate / Diploma | 7 | (5.3) | 9 | (4.6) | 16 | (4.8) |
| Bachelor’s degree | 5 | (3.8) | 3 | (1.5) | 8 | (2.4) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 39 | (29.3) | 38 | (19.3) | 77 | (23.3) |
| Married | 88 | (66.2) | 128 | (65.0) | 216 | (65.5) |
| Divorced/Separated | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (1.0) | 2 | (0.6) |
| Widow/Widower | 6 | (4.5) | 29 | (14.7) | 35 | (10.6) |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Unemployed | 32 | (24.1) | 31 | (15.7) | 63 | (19.1) |
| Housewife | 0 | (0.0) | 144 | (73.1) | 144 | (43.6) |
| Self-employed | 83 | (62.4) | 19 | (9.6) | 102 | (30.9) |
| Employed | 18 | (13.5) | 3 | (1.5) | 21 | (6.4) |
| Household income (RM/month) | 750.0 ± 713.0a | 618.8 ± 443.6a | 671.7 ± 569.9a | |||
| Hardcore poor | 97 | (72.9) | 142 | (72.1) | 239 | (72.4) |
| Poor | 15 | (11.3) | 32 | (16.2) | 47 | (14.2) |
| Above PLI | 21 | (15.8) | 23 | (11.7) | 44 | (13.3) |
| Household size (Number of individuals) | 6.4 ± 3.1a | 6.8 ± 3.2a | 6.7 ± 3.2a | |||
| 1–5 | 59 | (44.4) | 70 | (35.5) | 129 | (39.1) |
| ≥ 6 | 74 | (55.6) | 127 | (64.5) | 201 | (60.9) |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Smoker | 31 | (23.3) | 7 | (3.6) | 38 | (11.5) |
| Non/Ex-smoker | 102 | (76.7) | 190 | (96.4) | 292 | (88.5) |
a Values are in mean ± S.D.