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. 2019 Jun 13;10:2585. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10564-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Running with concomitant whisking increases L2/3 and L5 activity more than whisking alone. a Left: Example ΔF/F traces along with whisker angle and running speed in the initial No-touch trials of Fig. 1d. The four possible running and whisking state conditions are color-coded. Green and blue vertical dotted lines mark whisking onset (only during resting periods) and running onset, respectively. Right: Pie chart of the distribution of times spent in the four states for five mice (in the ‘No-touch’ condition). Gray triangle indicates <1% fraction of time spent in the running/no-whisking state. b Scatter plots of mean ΔF/F amplitude in resting/whisking periods versus resting/no-whisking periods for 342 L2/3 neurons (red) and 168 L5 neurons (blue). Dashed lines indicate unity lines. c Distribution of whisking modulation index (MI) for L2/3 and L5 neurons. Red and blue triangles indicate medians. d Population average of whisking-onset-aligned ΔF/F traces for all recorded neurons. e Scatter plots of mean ΔF/F amplitude in running/whisking periods versus resting periods for L2/3 (top) and L5 (bottom) neurons. f, g Analog plots to (c), (d) for running modulation index (MI) and running-onset-aligned ΔF/F traces