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. 2019 Jun 13;10:63. doi: 10.1186/s13244-019-0753-3

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 11 — Blockage of the SVC below the azygos vein. a Schematic image of a SVC obstruction at the level of the azygos vein and pathway for collateral flow. b Coronal CT image shows occlusion of the SVC below the level of the azygos vein (white arrow). c Axial CT image demonstrates retrograde contrast flow through the azygos vein (gray arrow) from the upper SVC (white arrow). d Axial CT image showing diaphragmatic collaterals (curved arrow) draining to the IVC (arrowhead) bypassing the inferior SVC blockage below the level of the azygos vein