Table VI.
Physiological Functions of discriminate metabolites.
| Physiological functions | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Discriminate metabolites | Targets | Function | Physiological state in tumor |
| Arginine | Small molecule | Amino acid metabolism (18–20), Trehalose degradation, urea cycle (21,22) | |
| Protein | Protein biosynthesis (23–26) | Over biosynthesis of protein (27,28) | |
| DNA | DNA damage through nitric oxide (NO) (29–30) | DNA damage (31,32) | |
| Glycine | Small molecule | Amino acid metabolism (33,34) | |
| Protein | Protein biosynthesis (35,36) | Over biosynthesis of protein (37) | |
| DNA | Antioxidant damage for DNA through uric acid | DNA damage (38,39) | |
| Methionine | Small molecule | Amino acid metabolism (33), folate metabolism (40,41), betaine metabolism, spermidine and spermine biosynthesis, phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis (42–44) | |
| Protein | Protein biosynthesis (35,36), histone methylation | Over biosynthesis of protein, Histone abnormal methylation (45–47) | |
| DNA | DNA methylation | DNA abnormal methylation (45–48) | |
| Valine | Small molecule | Amino acid metabolism (49), propanoate metabolism | |
| Protein | Protein biosynthesis (35,36) | Over biosynthesis of protein (50,51) | |
| Citrulline | Small molecule | Amino acid metabolism, urea cycle (21,22) | |
| Protein | Cyclic citrullinated peptide synthesis | ||
| C16-carnitine | Small molecule | Fatty acids β-oxidation (52) | Increased oxidation (53,54) |