Table 3.
Mean comparisons of profile indicators and predictor variables in the 5-segment latent profile model.
| Total Sample n = 1558 |
Very Strong Preference Segment n = 213 13% of Sample |
Strong Preference Segment n = 609 39% of Sample |
Mixed Preference Segment n = 231 15% of Sample |
Neutral Segment n = 419 27% of Sample |
Low Preference Segment n = 86 6% of Sample |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator variables 1 | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | F (p-values) |
| Sugar | 3.86 (0.98) 1 | 4.91 (0.30) 1,3,a | 4.17 (0.61) 1,b | 4.34 (0.50)1,c | 3.06 (0.53) 1,d | 1.66 (0.64) 1,e | 870.03 (<0.001) |
| Saturated fat | 3.84 (1.00) 1 | 4.90 (0.40) 1,3,a | 4.22 (0.61) 1,b | 4.06 (0.74) 2,c | 3.08 (0.56) 1,d | 1.65 (0.66) 1,e | 691.97 (<0.001) |
| Sodium | 3.71 (0.99) 2 | 4.83 (0.43) 2,a | 4.05 (0.65) 2,b | 4.06 (0.66) 2,b | 2.93 (0.48) 2,c | 1.62 (0.58) 1,d | 750.57 (<0.001) |
| Fibre | 3.64 (0.95) 3 | 4.83 (0.42) 2,a | 4.06 (0.51) 2,b | 3.22 (0.76) 3,c | 3.06 (0.50) 1,d | 1.58 (0.52) 1,e | 814.42 (<0.001) |
| Energy | 3.62 (0.95) 3 | 4.80 (0.45) 2,a | 3.97 (0.57) 3,4,b | 3.24 (0.81) 3,c | 3.11 (0.57) 1,c | 1.67 (0.73) 1,d | 566.07 (0.001) |
| Carbohydrate | 3.57 (0.94) 4 | 4.93 (0.26) 3,a | 4.01 0.38) 2,3,b | 2.84 (0.54) 4,c | 3.05 (0.44) 1,d | 1.60 (0.52) 1,e | 1566.04 (<0.001) |
| Protein | 3.54 (0.93) 4 | 4.87 (0.33) 1,a | 3.96 (0.40) 4,b | 2.82 (0.52) 4,c | 3.06 (0.48) 1,d | 1.59 (0.49) 1,e | 1322.98 (<0.001) |
| Predictor variables | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | F (p-values) |
| Age (in years) | 46.01 (17.35) | 49.25 (17.09) a | 47.44 (17.36) a | 45.84 (16.54) a,b | 42.27 (17.15) b | 46.51 (18.20) a,b | 7.91 (<0.001) |
| BMI | 26.84 (6.24) | 27.26 (5.75) | 26.68 (6.27) | 26.40 (5.19) | 27.12 (7.23) | 27.01 (5.00) | 0.66 (0.621) |
| Perceived healthiness of diet 2 | 2.96 (0.49) | 3.11 (0.50) a | 3.02 (0.47) a,c | 2.94 (0.41) c | 2.81 (0.51) b | 2.87 (0.53) b,c | 19.23 (<0.001) |
| Nutritional knowledge 1 | 3.34 (0.85) | 3.60 (0.91) a | 3.48 (0.82) a | 3.20 (0.82) b | 3.11 (0.77) b | 3.16 (1.07) b | 19.70 (<0.001) |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | X2 (p-values) | |
| Gender | 6.20 (0.184) | ||||||
| Female | 782 (50) | 114 (54) | 318 (52) | 119 (52) | 193 (46) | 38 (44) | |
| Males | 776 (50) | 99 (46) | 291 (48) | 112 (48) | 226 (54) | 48 (56) | |
| SES | 37.73 (<0.001) | ||||||
| Low | 767 (49) | 115 (54) a | 320 (53) a | 112 (48) a,b | 180 (43) b | 40 (47) a,b | |
| Medium | 492 (32) | 65 (31) a,b | 196 (32) a,b | 85 (37) a | 120 (29) b | 26 (30) a,b | |
| High | 298 (19) | 33 (15) a | 92 (15) a | 34 (15) a | 119 (28) b | 20 (23) a,b | |
| Had a child (ren) (<18 years) | 411 (26) | 59 (28) | 159 (26) | 56 (24) | 114 (27) | 23 (27) | 0.92 (0.922) |
| Grocery buyer | 30.12 (<0.001) | ||||||
| Main grocery shopper | 1062 (68) | 161 (76) a | 441 (73) a | 145 (63) b | 263 (63) b | 52 (61) b | |
| Share shopping | 373 (24) | 41 (19) a | 129 (21) a | 71 (31) b | 106 (25) b | 26 (30) b | |
| Doesn’t shop | 123 (8) | 11 (5) a | 39 (6) a | 15 (6) a | 50 (12) b | 8 (9) a | |
| Special dietary requirement | |||||||
| High blood pressure | 172 (11) | 35 (16) a | 74 (12) a | 26 (11) a,b | 36 (8) b | 1 (1) c | 18.18 (0.001) |
| High cholesterol | 169 (11) | 19 (14) a | 79 (13) a | 20 (9) a,b | 38 (9) a,b | 3 (3) b | 11.86 (0.018) |
| Diabetes | 107 (7) | 26 (12) a | 42 (7) c | 8 (3) b | 26 (6) b,c | 5 (6) b,c | 14.12 (0.007) |
| Heart disease | 43 (3) | 9 (4) | 19 (3) | 6 (3) | 8 (2) | 1 (1) | 3.97 (0.410) |
Note: sharing the same letter within a row indicates a non-significant difference between segments (p-value > 0.05). The p-values for the differences in the mean scores of the indicator variables between segments are provided in the Supplementary Material (see Table S1). Sharing the same numbers within a column indicates a non-significant difference within segments on the indicator variables (p-value > 0.05). 1 Assessed on a 5-point scale. 2 Assessed on a 4-point scale. SD: standard deviation.