Table 2.
Fatty acid composition of plasma total lipids.
| CTRL | HF | HF-Phaeo | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty Acids (mol %) | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| SFA | ||||||
| 14:0 | 0.47 | 0.05 | 1.35 ** | 0.31 | 0.88 **† | 0.18 |
| 16:0 | 22.07 | 2.95 | 22.21 | 1.84 | 17.51 *† | 2.27 |
| 18:0 | 9.52 | 1.76 | 11.51 | 0.60 | 10.68 | 1.80 |
| Total SFA | 28.97 | 1.89 | 35.07 | 3.90 | 29.07 | 4.21 |
| MUFA | ||||||
| 16:1 | 2.27 | 0.28 | 2.10 | 0.60 | 1.86 | 0.24 |
| 18:1 (n-7 + n-9) | 13.33 | 1.75 | 18.80 ** | 3.41 | 12.91 † | 0.30 |
| 20:1n-9 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| 22:1 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| 24:1n-9 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| Total MUFA | 15.60 | 2.01 | 20.90 * | 3.96 | 14.90 † | 0.52 |
| PUFA | ||||||
| 18:2n-6 | 16.44 | 1.32 | 10.69 *** | 1.42 | 10.38 *** | 0.91 |
| 20:2n-6 | 0.44 | 0.11 | 1.26 ** | 0.18 | 0.74 † | 0.23 |
| 20:4n-6 | 22.18 | 1.56 | 17.20 ** | 2.89 | 14.69 ** | 3.26 |
| n-6 PUFA | 38.70 | 0.45 | 26.84 ** | 2.86 | 25.81 ** | 4.03 |
| 18:3n-3 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 0.31 ** | 0.03 | 0.26 ** | 0.03 |
| 20:5n-3 | 0.49 | 0.15 | 0.48 | 0.18 | 3.49 *** † | 1.03 |
| 22:5n-3 | 0.72 | 0.23 | 0.60 | 0.17 | 1.66 **† | 0.38 |
| 22:6n-3 | 3.93 | 0.62 | 4.39 | 0.32 | 4.64 | 1.24 |
| n-3 PUFA | 5.89 | 0.69 | 5.87 | 0.69 | 9.18 *† | 1.98 |
| n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA | 6.26 | 0.37 | 4.86 *** | 0.02 | 2.74 ***† | 0.43 |
| Total PUFA | 44.89 | 0.66 | 35.35 * | 3.39 | 40.22 † | 3.29 |
| MUFA/SFA | 0.55 | 0.10 | 0.61 | 0.17 | 0.50 | 0.08 |
| Δ9-Desaturase index ‡ | 0.58 | 0.07 | 0.62 | 0.09 | 0.54 | 0.05 |
CTRL, standard diet; HF, high-fat diet; HF-Phaeo, high-fat diet supplemented with 12% of P. tricornutum; MUFA, mono-unsaturated fatty acids; ND, not detected; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids. Results are represented as mean values ± SD, n = 6. Mean values were significantly different from those of the CTRL group: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001; *** p < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA; LSD post hoc test). † Significant difference compared with the HF group (p < 0.05). ‡ Δ9-Desaturase index = [18:1(n-7 + n-9)/ 18:0 + 18:1(n-7 + n-9)].