Table 3.
Fatty acid composition of red blood cells phospholipids.
| CTRL | HF | HF-Phaeo | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty Acids (mol %) | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| SFA | ||||||
| 14:0 | 0.80 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.27 | 1.13 | 0.26 |
| 16:0 | 40.24 | 2.68 | 28.79 ** | 2.61 | 34.12 **† | 5.04 |
| 18:0 | 14.86 | 2.64 | 13.90 | 1.58 | 15.03 | 1.69 |
| Total SFA | 55.91 | 3.90 | 43.41 ** | 2.02 | 50.27 † | 6.19 |
| MUFA | ||||||
| 16:1 | 1.03 | 0.23 | 0.96 | 0.28 | 1.09 | 0.17 |
| 18:1 (n-7 + n-9) | 11.64 | 1.30 | 14.01 * | 2.03 | 11.94 | 0.59 |
| 20:1n-9 | 0.30 | 0.015 | 0.19 *** | 0.04 | 0.12 ***† | 0.02 |
| 22:1 | 0.76 | 0.06 | 0.97 | 0.25 | 0.24 ***† | 0.09 |
| 24:1n-9 | ND | - | ND | - | ND- | |
| Total MUFA | 13.76 | 2.08 | 15.61 | 2.42 | 12.88 | 0.15 |
| PUFA | ||||||
| 18:2n-6 | 6.69 | 0.55 | 7.69 | 1.04 | 6.05 † | 1.00 |
| 20:2n-6 | 0.37 | 0.02 | 0.84 ** | 0.17 | 0.48 † | 0.15 |
| 20:4n-6 | 10.48 | 1.83 | 17.05 ** | 3.45 | 8.81 | 3.09 |
| n-6 PUFA | 17.54 | 1.51 | 25.63 *** | 3.50 | 13.74 ***† | 1.92 |
| 18:3n-3 | ND | - | ND | - | ND- | |
| 20:5n-3 | 0.19 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.13 | 1.69 ***† | 0.61 |
| 22:5n-3 | 3.28 | 0.87 | 2.83 | 0.46 | 11.39 ***† | 2.21 |
| 22:6n-3 | 1.17 | 0.12 | 2.43 *** | 0.41 | 1.59 † | 0.68 |
| n-3 PUFA | 10.38 | 1.91 | 5.79 *** | 0.48 | 14.68 ***† | 2.44 |
| n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA | 1.62 | 0.30 | 4.50 *** | 0.62 | 1.12 † | 0.08 |
| Total PUFA | 26.85 | 2.21 | 31.81 | 4.44 | 30.02 | 5.84 |
| MUFA/SFA | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.36 * | 0.04 | 0.25 † | 0.00 |
| Δ9-Desaturase index ‡ | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.03 |
CTRL, standard diet; HF, high-fat diet; HF-Phaeo, high-fat diet supplemented with 12% of P. tricornutum; MUFA, mono-unsaturated fatty acids; ND, not detected; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids. Results are represented as mean values ± SD, n = 6. Mean values were significantly different from those of the CTRL group: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001; *** p < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA; LSD post hoc test). † Significant difference compared with the HF group (p < 0.05). ‡ Δ9-Desaturase index = [18:1(n-7 + n-9)/ 18:0 + 18:1(n-7 + n-9)].