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. 2019 May 6;9(5):704. doi: 10.3390/nano9050704

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cytotoxicity of nanoparticles (NPs). Cytotoxicity of (A) CuO, (B) Cu, (C) ZnO nano, (D) Mix γ-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄, (E) Mix γ-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄-citrate, (F) Mix γ-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄-malate, (G) ZnO micro, (H) SiO₂, (I) SiO₂-COOH, (J) SiO₂-NH₂, (K) C₆₀, (L) γ-Fe₂O₃, (M) γ-Fe₂O₃+SiO₂, (N) γ-Fe₂O₃+SiO₂-NH₂, (O) γ-Fe₂O₃+SiO₂-COOH. Cytotoxicity of NPs to A549 cells was evaluated by the MTT assay, after a 24-h exposure. Results are expressed as mean (+SD) percentage of untreated control cells in a representative experiment performed twice in five replica wells. Asterisk indicates a significant difference with respect to untreated control cells (dashed line; * equals p < 0.05; ** equals p < 0.01; *** equals p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni’s post hoc test).