Table 1.
Characteristics of subjects’ background and effects of yogurt containing B. animalis subsp. lactis and arginine on physical parameters, RHI, and blood pressure.
| Bifal + Arg Mean (SEM) |
Placebo Mean (SEM) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Week 0 | Week 12 | Change | Week 0 | Week 12 | Change | |
| Height, cm | 163.7 (2.1) | 163.9 (2.0) | +0.1 (0.1) | 162.3 (2.2) | 162.3 (2.2) | +0.1 (0.2) |
| Body weight, kg | 64.0 (2.5) | 64.5 (2.5) | +0.5 (0.3) | 63.7 (2.6) | 64.6 (2.6) | +0.9 (0.6) |
| Abdominal circumference, cm | 79.4 (2.3) | 82.8 (2.3) †† | +3.4 (0.6) | 80.2 (2.2) | 84.3 (1.8) †† | +4.1 (0.9) |
| Heart rate, bpm | 72.9 (1.7) | 70.9 (1.9) | −2.0 (2.0) # | 69.7 (1.5) | 73.2 (2.4) | +3.5 (2.5) # |
| BMI | 23.8 (0.7) | 23.9 (0.7) | +0.2 (0.1) | 24.1 (0.6) | 24.4 (0.7) | +0.3 (0.2) |
| RHI | 1.50 (0.07) | 1.81 (0.11) † | +0.31 (0.12) # | 1.68 (0.11) | 1.63 (0.12) | −0.07(0.18) # |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 122.4 (2.3) | 120.2 (2.8) | −2.2 (2.3) | 123.1 (3.4) | 125.3 (2.5) | +2.1 (2.7) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77.9 (1.5) | 75.1 (2.2) | −2.9 (2.1) | 81.2 (2.2) | 78.9 (1.9) | −2.25 (1.5) |
All data are represented as mean ± SEM. Means are averages of all obtained data; relative changes are calculated from data, excluding outliers. Intra-group comparisons at week 0 and at week 12 were tested using the paired t-test († p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01). Comparisons of change value between the Bifal + Arg YG and placebo groups were tested by two-way ANOVA (# p < 0.05). All baseline × change interactions are shown in Supplementary Table S2. All p-values of difference are shown in Supplementary Table S1.